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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2009-12-125-141</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-964</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РОССИЙСКИЕ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ: ФАКТОРЫ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ И КРИЗИС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES: FACTORS OF COMPETITIVENESS AND CRISIS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инновационное поведение промышленности: разрабатывать нельзя заимствовать</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industry Innovations: Development versus Adaptation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гончар</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gonchar</surname><given-names>K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Института анализа предприятий и рынков</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГУ-ВШЭ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State University - Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>125</fpage><lpage>141</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2009</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/964">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/964</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируются технологический уровень и инновационное поведение предприятий обрабатывающей промышленности России на основе новых микроэкономических данных. Результаты исследования показывают, что промышленность сильно сегментирована по этим признакам. Продемонстрировано, что технологический уровень и инновации значимо связаны с конкурентоспособностью и производительностью фирмы. В свою очередь, они зависят от масштабов, качества управления, финансового положения предприятий. Инновационная активность в промышленности выше, чем принято считать, однако только у небольшого числа предприятий она связана с оригинальными разработками. Обсуждается нецелесообразность противопоставления модернизации и инноваций, заимствований и оригинальных разработок. В реальном бизнесе эти процессы связаны, происходят одновременно или последовательно, почти всегда требуют собственных разработок. По результатам исследования сформулированы некоторые политические рекомендации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper addresses the problem of the technological standard and innovations in Russian manufacturing companies. It is based on the most recent firm level data. The analysis shows that the industry is seriously segmented in this respect. Empirical analysis proves that the technological standard and innovations are closely linked to productivity growth and competitive stand of enterprises. In turn they depend on company size, quality of management, finances of the firm. The innovation activity is higher than expected, though only a minor portion of firms targets international market, few innovate nation-wide. We discuss that opposing technological upgrade to product innovation and adapted products to originally designed ones is misleading. In real business these processes are interrelated, happen consistently, almost always require in house development. In the end some policy advice based on the results of the study are provided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обрабатывающая промышленность</kwd><kwd>технологический уровень</kwd><kwd>инновации</kwd><kwd>модернизация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>manufacturing</kwd><kwd>technological standard</kwd><kwd>innovations</kwd><kwd>technological upgrade</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова Н. Неумолимый рок инноваций: Интервью // Эксперт. 2008. № 28. http://www.expert.ru/printissues/expert/2008/28/interview_neumolimuy_rok_innovaciy/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Иванова Н. 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