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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2015-7-73-86</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-95</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современная австрийская школа об институтах,проблемах развития и роли экономиста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Austrian School on Institutions, Development Problems and the Role of the Economist</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заостровцев</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaostrovtsev</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.  э.  н., проф. департамента экономики НИУ ВШЭ (Санкт-Петербург); научный сотрудник Центра исследований модернизации Европейского университета в Санкт-Петербурге</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zao-and@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИУ ВШЭ (Санкт-Петербург); Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics (St. Petersburg, Russia); Centre for Modernization Studies, European University in St. Petersburg (St. Petersburg, Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>86</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/95">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/95</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается классификация институтов, предложенная представителями современной австрийской экономической школы, и исследуется значение этого анализа для понимания проблем экономики развития. В частности, изучается роль приживаемости (stickiness) институтов в изначально неорганичной для них социальной среде. Стремление вменить отсталой стране прогрессивные институты без приспособления к ее эндогенным институтам или не меняя последние посредством формирования новых убеждений чревато их отторжением. Исходя из этого, в современной австрийской школе экономист рассматривается не в качестве инженера, а в качестве исследователя и просветителя, влияющего на убеждения людей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the classification of institutions by the reporesentatives of modern Austrian economic school and its meaning for understanding the problems of development economics. The especially important role of institu- tional stickiness in the initially alien social environment is emphasized. Attention is drawn to the fact that the intention to impute progressive institutions in a backward country without adjustment to its endogenous institutions or chang- ing the latter by formation of new beliefs may lead to their rejection. On this basis the modern Austrian school sees the economist not as an engineer, but as a researcher and beliefs affecting educator.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>институциональные реформы</kwd><kwd>приживаемость институтов</kwd><kwd>австрийская экономическая теория</kwd><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>institutional reforms</kwd><kwd>institutional stickiness</kwd><kwd>Austrian economics</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Боуз Д. (2014). Либертарианство: история, принципы, политика. 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