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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2009-1-101-118</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-829</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эволюционное моделирование и критический реализм</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evolutionary Modeling and Critical Realism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кюнтцель</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuntsel</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>магистр экономики, экономист ОАО «ЛУКОЙЛ»</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ОАО «ЛУКОЙЛ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LUKOIL</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2009</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>01</month><year>2009</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>118</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2009</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2009</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/829">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/829</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе показано, что ключевые методологические проблемы современной экономической науки связаны с внутренними противоречиями и несостоятельностью позитивизма в применении к социальным наукам. Автор обсуждает перспективы эволюционного подхода как альтернативы неоклассической традиции. Показано, что этот подход способен преодолеть внутренние дефекты неоклассической экономики при условии разрешения собственных внутренних трудностей. Основные проблемы эволюционного подхода сводятся к отсутствию единой методологической позиции. В качестве таковой в эволюционной экономике предлагается использовать подход в духе философии критического реализма. При этом наиболее привлекательным методом исследования автору представляется симуляционное моделирование.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper shows that the major methodological problems of modern economics are rooted in internal contradictions and inconsistencies of positivism as applied to social sciences. Evolutionary economics is considered as an alternative approach to mainstream economics, capable of overcoming internal deficiencies that mainstream economics faces. But within evolutionary economics one can find different methodological grounds leading to multiple views on how to analyze complex economic reality, build models and evaluate them properly. It is argued that unifying methodological principles of evolutionary economics are to be found in the philosophy of critical realism. The most appropriate scientific method is that of computer simulations.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономическая методология</kwd><kwd>эволюционная экономика</kwd><kwd>критический реализм</kwd><kwd>метод компьютерных симуляций</kwd><kwd>теория сложности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methodology</kwd><kwd>critical realism</kwd><kwd>evolutionary economics</kwd><kwd>computer simulations</kwd><kwd>complexity theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бусыгин В. П. 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