voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2012-4-4-31voprecotest-786Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИISSUES OF THEORYИнновации и динамизм: Взаимосвязь систем и технического прогрессаInnovation and Dynamism. Interaction between Systems and Technical ProgressКорнаиЯ.KornaiJ.

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Университет Корвина, Будапешт; Гарвардский университетВенгрияCorvinus University of Budapest; Harvard UniversityHungary20122004201204431Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20122012Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/786

В литературе о постсоциалистической трансформации обычно рассматриваются ее политический, экономический или социальный аспекты. Однако сравнительные преимущества капиталистической и социалистической систем в отношении предпринимательских стимулов и инноваций пока находились в тени исследовательских интересов. Хорошо известно, что в капиталистической системе были изобретены все инновационные продукты массового потребления, а основной технологический вектор социалистической системы был направлен на производство новых продуктов в военно-промышленной сфере. Инновации способствовали глубоким изменениям нашей повседневной жизни, но хотя многие оценивают эти изменения как благоприятные, лишь немногие усматривают связь между стремительным техническим прогрессом и капиталистической экономической системой. Ни в стандартных учебных программах по микроэкономике, ни в выступлениях ведущих политиков мы не обнаружим упоминания этой важной ценности капитализма. В статье представлены анализ того, насколько полно внутренние тенденции и характерные черты двух систем могут определить столь радикальные технологические различия между социализмом и капитализмом, а также аргументы в пользу последнего.

Literature on post-socialist transformation usually deals with the political, economic and social sides of it. But the relative advantages of capitalist and socialist systems in terms of the incentives for entrepreneurship and innovation process attracted less attention. It is well known that every revolutionary new product (for civilian use) has been brought about by the capitalist system and that the socialist system was capable at most of developing new military products. Innovation has deeply transformed our daily lives but many people, while deeming all these changes favorable, seldom discern the causal relation between the capitalist system and rapid technical progress. The usual syllabus of microeconomics does not enlighten students on this important virtue of capitalism, neither is it adequately emphasized in the statements of leading politicians. The article analyzes how far the radical difference between socialist and capitalist innovation can be explained by the innate tendencies and basic attributes of the two systems and provides strong arguments in favor of capitalism.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.