voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2013-12-4-28voprecotest-595Research ArticleЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА В ГЛОБАЛЬНОМ КОНТЕКСТЕПолитика или экономика? Ловушки стандартных решенийEconomics versus politics: pitfalls of policy adviceАсемоглуД.AcemogluD.

проф. экономики, Массачусетский технологический институт (Кембридж, Массачусетс, США)

daron@mit.eduРобинсонД. А.RobinsonJ.

проф. политологии, Гарвардский университет (Кембридж, Массачусетс, США)

jrobinson@gov.harvard.eduМассачусетский технологический институт (Кембридж, Массачусетс, США)Соединённые Штаты АмерикиMassachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, MA, USA)United StatesГарвардский университет (Кембридж, Массачусетс, США)Соединённые Штаты АмерикиHarvard University (Cambridge, MA, USA)United States201320122013012428Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20132013Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/595

В экономической науке в рамках стандартного подхода к анализу экономической политики и к выработке соответствующих рекомендаций явно или неявно пренебрегают политической сферой и политико-экономическим анализом, утверждая, что любой провал рынка следует устранять как можно быстрее. В статье показано, почему такой вывод может быть неверным. Предложена простая схема исследования влияния текущей экономической политики на достижение политического равновесия, а косвенно — на будущие экономические результаты. Механизмы такого воздействия иллюстрируются на примерах. Авторы считают, что надежная экономическая политика должна быть основана на тщательном политико-экономическом анализе и учитывать воздействие политико-экономических факторов на достижение политического равновесия в будущем.

The standard approach to policy making and advice in economics implicitly or explicitly ignores politics and political economy and maintains that if possible, any market failure should be rapidly removed. This essay explains why this conclusion may be incorrect; because it ignores politics, this approach is oblivious to the impact of the removal of market failures on future political equilibria and economic efficiency, which can be deleterious. We first outline a simple framework for the study of the impact of current economic policies on future political equilibria — and indirectly on future economic outcomes. We then illustrate the mechanisms through which such impacts might operate using a series of examples. The main message is that sound economic policy should be based on a careful analysis of political economy and should factor in its influence on future political equilibria.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.