voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2026-5-131-143voprecotest-5867Research ArticleМИКРОЭКОНОМИКАMICROECONOMICSВключенность в практики питания вне дома в современной России: детерминанты в группах с разным уровнем доходаInvolvement in eating out practices in contemporary Russia: Determinants in groups with different income levelshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2626-7021БирюковаС. С.BiryukovaS. S.

Бирюкова Светлана Сергеевна – к. э. н., гл. н. с. Центра комплексных исследований Института социальной политики 

Москва

Svetlana S. Biryukova 

Moscow

sbiryukova@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6044-0732СинявскаяО. В.SinyavskayaO. V.

Синявская Оксана Вячеславовна – к. э. н., руководитель Центра комплексных исследований ИСП 

Москва

Oxana V. Sinyavskaya 

Moscow

osinyavskaya@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-6786-9942СтужукД. А.StuzhukD. A.

Стужук Дарья Андреевна – м. н. с. Центра комплексных исследований ИСП 

 

Москва

Daria A. Stuzhuk

Moscow

dstuzhuk@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation20260605202605131143Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20262026Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5867

В России, как и во всем мире, в последние годы возрастает распространенность как питания вне дома, так и заказов готовой еды. В статье проанализированы практики питания вне дома и потребления готовой еды в современной России. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили данные выборочных опросов российского населения, проведенных НИУ ВШЭ в 2024 г.: четвертой волны выборочного обследования «Экономическое поведение домашних хозяйств» и третьей волны специального выборочного обследования высокодоходных россиян. Согласно полученным результатам, активное включение в практики питания вне дома в массовых слоях населения обусловлено двумя основными противоположными мотивами: «избытком времени», когда посещение заведений общественного питания становится в том числе формой досуга (свойственно прежде всего студентам), и «дефицитом времени», когда питание вне дома или потребление готовой еды через доставку замещают приготовление пищи, то есть происходит аутсорс части домашнего труда (работающие в среднем возрасте с высокой нагрузкой и на рынке труда, и в семье, высокодоходные группы).

In Russia, as in the rest of the world, there has been an increase in the prevalence of both eating out and ordering ready-made meals in recent years. The article analyzes the practices of eating out and consuming ready-made meals in modern Russia. The empirical basis of the study consists of data obtained from two sample surveys of the Russian population conducted by the HSE University in 2024: the fourth wave of the sample survey of the population “Economic behavior of households” and the third wave of a special sample survey of highincome Russians. The findings of this study indicate that active inclusion in eating out practices among the general population is driven by two main opposing motives: “excess time”, when visiting public catering establishments becomes a form of leisure (typical primarily for students), and “time deficit”, when eating out or consuming ready-made meals through delivery replaces cooking, i.e., part of the housework is outsourced (particularly prevalent among middle-aged individuals with substantial workloads, both in the labour market and in their familial responsibilities, as well as among high-income groups).

потребительское поведениеэкономическое поведениепитание вне домауровень жизниобраз жизниconsumer behavioreconomic behavioreating outstandard of livinglifestyleReferencesБеккер Г. C. (2003). Человеческое поведение: экономический подход. М.: Изд. дом ГУ—ВШЭ.Becker G. S. (2003). The economic approach to human behavior. Moscow: HSE Publ. (In Russian).Синявская О. В. (ред.) (2025). Барометр экономического поведения домохозяйств в России. № 2. М.: НИУ ВШЭ.Sinyavskaya O. V. (еd.) (2025). Barometer of household economic behavior in Russia, No. 2. Moscow: HSE. (In Russian).Adams J., Goffe L., Brown T., Lake A. A., Summerbell C., White M., Wrieden W., Adamson A. J. (2015). Frequency and socio-demographic correlates of eating meals out and take-away meals at home: Сross-sectional analysis of the UK national diet and nutrition survey, waves 1—4 (2008—12). International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Vol. 12, article 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0210-8Adams J., Goffe L., Brown T., Lake A. A., Summerbell C., White M., Wrieden W., Adamson A. J. (2015). Frequency and socio-demographic correlates of eating meals out and take-away meals at home: Сross-sectional analysis of the UK national diet and nutrition survey, waves 1—4 (2008—12). International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, Vol. 12, article 51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-015-0210-8Celnik D., Gillespie L., Lean M. E. J. (2012). Time-scarcity, ready-meals, ill-health and the obesity epidemic. Trends in Food Science & Technology, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 4—11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2012.06.001Celnik D., Gillespie L., Lean M. E. J. (2012). Time-scarcity, ready-meals, ill-health and the obesity epidemic. Trends in Food Science & Technology, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 4—11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2012.06.001Cullen P. (1994). Time, tastes and technology: The economic evolution of eating out. British Food Journal, Vol. 96, No. 10, pp. 4—9. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410072445Cullen P. (1994). Time, tastes and technology: The economic evolution of eating out. British Food Journal, Vol. 96, No. 10, pp. 4—9. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070709410072445Deliens T., Clarys P., De Bourdeaudhuij I., Deforche B. (2014). Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: A qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, Vol. 14, article. 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-53Deliens T., Clarys P., De Bourdeaudhuij I., Deforche B. (2014). Determinants of eating behaviour in university students: A qualitative study using focus group discussions. BMC Public Health, Vol. 14, article. 53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-53Devine C. M., Farrell T. J., Blake C. E., Jastran M., Wethington E., Bisogni C. A. (2009). Work conditions and the food choice coping strategies of employed parents. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 365—370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2009.01.007Devine C. M., Farrell T. J., Blake C. E., Jastran M., Wethington E., Bisogni C. A. (2009). Work conditions and the food choice coping strategies of employed parents. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, Vol. 41, No. 5, pp. 365—370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2009.01.007Díaz-Méndez C., van den Broek H. P. (2017). Eating out in modern societies: An overview of a heterogeneous habit. Appetite, Vol. 119, pp. 1—4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.003Díaz-Méndez C., van den Broek H. P. (2017). Eating out in modern societies: An overview of a heterogeneous habit. Appetite, Vol. 119, pp. 1—4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.05.003Frisbee W. R., Madeira K. (1986). Restaurant meals-convenience goods or luxuries? Service Industries Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 172—192. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642068600000020Frisbee W. R., Madeira K. (1986). Restaurant meals-convenience goods or luxuries? Service Industries Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 172—192. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642068600000020Janssen H. G., Davies I. G., Richardson L. D., Stevenson L. (2018). Determinants of takeaway and fast food consumption: А narrative review. Nutrition Research Reviews, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 16—34. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422417000178Janssen H. G., Davies I. G., Richardson L. D., Stevenson L. (2018). Determinants of takeaway and fast food consumption: А narrative review. Nutrition Research Reviews, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 16—34. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422417000178Landais E., Miotto-Plessis M., Bene C., Maitre d’Hotel E., Truong M. T., Somé J. W., Verger E. O. (2022). Consumption of food away from home in lowand middleincome countries: A systematic scoping review. Nutrition Reviews, Vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 727—754. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuac085Landais E., Miotto-Plessis M., Bene C., Maitre d’Hotel E., Truong M. T., Somé J. W., Verger E. O. (2022). Consumption of food away from home in lowand middleincome countries: A systematic scoping review. Nutrition Reviews, Vol. 81, No. 6, pp. 727—754. https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuac085Lund T. B., Kjaernes U., Holm L. (2017). Eating out in four Nordic countries: National patterns and social stratification. Appetite, Vol. 119, pp. 23—33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.017Lund T. B., Kjaernes U., Holm L. (2017). Eating out in four Nordic countries: National patterns and social stratification. Appetite, Vol. 119, pp. 23—33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.017Mills S., Adams J., Wrieden W., White M., Brown H. (2018). Sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of consuming home-cooked meals and meals from out-ofhome sources: Сross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study. Public Health Nutrition, Vol. 21, No. 12, pp. 2255—2266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018000812Mills S., Adams J., Wrieden W., White M., Brown H. (2018). Sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of consuming home-cooked meals and meals from out-ofhome sources: Сross-sectional analysis of a population-based cohort study. Public Health Nutrition, Vol. 21, No. 12, pp. 2255—2266. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018000812Namin A., Ratchford B. T., Saint Clair J. K., Bui M. M., Hamilton M. L. (2020). Dine-in or take-out: Modeling millennials’ cooking motivation and choice. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 53, article 101981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101981Namin A., Ratchford B. T., Saint Clair J. K., Bui M. M., Hamilton M. L. (2020). Dine-in or take-out: Modeling millennials’ cooking motivation and choice. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 53, article 101981. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101981Olsen W. K., Warde A., Martens L. (2000). Social differentiation and the market for eating out in the UK. International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 173—190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4319(00)00015-3Olsen W. K., Warde A., Martens L. (2000). Social differentiation and the market for eating out in the UK. International Journal of Hospitality Management, Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 173—190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0278-4319(00)00015-3Warde A. (2016). The practice of eating. Cambridge: Polity Press.Warde A. (2016). The practice of eating. Cambridge: Polity Press.Warde A., Cheng S. L., Olsen W., Southerton D. (2007). Changes in the practice of eating: A comparative analysis of time-use. Acta Sociologica, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 363—385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699307083978Warde A., Cheng S. L., Olsen W., Southerton D. (2007). Changes in the practice of eating: A comparative analysis of time-use. Acta Sociologica, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 363—385. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699307083978

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.