<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2013-10-47-65</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-580</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неопределенность, вероятность, этика:ДЖ. М. Кейнс, Л. Мизес, Ф. Найт</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Uncertainty, Probability, Ethics: J. m. Keynes, l. mises, and f. Knight</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макашева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makasheva</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.  э.  н., завотделом ИНИОН РАН, проф. кафедры экономической методологии и истории НИУ ВШЭ (Москва)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nmakasheva@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ИНИОН РАН; НИУ ВШЭ (Москва)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>65</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/580">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/580</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе предпринята попытка проследить взаимосвязи между представлениями Дж. М. Кейнса, Ф. Найта и Л. Мизеса по проблемам неопределенности и вероятности, между экономическими идеями этих авторов, этическими установками и практическими выводами. Выявлены как сходства, так и различия в позициях ученых, в значительной степени обусловленные контекстом рассмотрения указанных проблем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper aims at tracing the connections between the ideas of Keynes, Knight and Mises on uncertainty and probability. It also studies the links between their economic ideas, ethical presuppositions, and practical implications they drew from their respective theories. Both similarities and differences are found, influenced for the large part by the context of dealing with the problems discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неопределенность</kwd><kwd>вероятность</kwd><kwd>риск</kwd><kwd>этика и экономика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>uncertainty</kwd><kwd>probability</kwd><kwd>risk</kwd><kwd>ethics and economics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ананьин О. (2008). Искусство экономики и/или прикладная экономика: методологический анализ // Экономика как искусство / Под ред. О. Ананьина. М.: Наука</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ananyin O. (2008). The Art of Economics and/or Applied Economics // Ananyin O. (ed.). Economics as Art. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кейнс Дж.М. (2001 [1926]). Конец laissez-faire // Истоки. Вып. 3. М.: ГУ—ВШЭ. С. 260—279</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keynes J. M. (2001 [1926]). The End of Laissez-Faire // Istoki. Iss. 3. Moscow: HSE Publ. P. 260—279.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кейнс Дж. М. (2007). Общая теория занятости, процента и денег. Избранное. М.: Эксмо</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keynes J. M. (2007). The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. Selections. Moscow: Eksmo.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Локк Дж. (1985) Опыт о человеческом разумении // Локк Дж. Соч.: в 3-х т. Т. 2. М.: Мысль</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Locke J. (1985). An Essay Concerning Human Understanding // Collected Works. In 3 vols. Vol. 2. Moscow: Mysl.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мизес Л. (2000). Человеческая деятельность. Трактат по экономической теории. М.: Экономика</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mises L. (2000). Human Action. A Treatise on Economics. Moscow: Ekonomika.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мизес Л. (2007). Теория и история: интерпретация социально-экономической эволюции. Челябинск: Социум</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mises L. (2007). Theory and History: An Interpretation of Social and Economic Evolution. Chelyabinsk: Sotsium.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мур Дж. Э. (1984 [1903]). Принципы этики. М.: Прогресс</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moore G. E. (1984 [1903]) Principia Ethica. Moscow: Progress.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Найт Ф. (2003). Риск, неопределенность и прибыль. М.: Дело</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knight F. (2003). Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit. Moscow: Delo.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Найт Ф. (2009). Этика конкуренции. М.: ЭКОМ Паблишерз</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knight F. (2009). Ethics of Competition. Moscow: EKOM Publishers.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рамсей Ф. П. (2011 [1926]). Истина и вероятность // Истоки. Социокультурная среда экономической деятельности и экономического познания. М.: Изд. дом ВШЭ</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramsey F. P. (2011 [1926]. Truth and Probability // Istoki. Sociocultural Context of Economic Activity and Economic Knowledge. Moscow: HSE Publ.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хайек Ф. (1989). Конкуренция как процедура открытия // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. № 12. С. 6—14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayek F. (1989). Competition as a Discovery Procedure // World Economy and International Relations. No 12. P. 6—14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хайек Ф. (1992). Пагубная самонадеянность. Ошибки социализма. М.: Новости</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hayek F. (1992). The Fatal Conceit: The Errors of Socialism. Moscow: Novosti.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baldwin Th. (2006). Keynes and Ethics // The Cambridge Companion to Keynes / R. E. Backhouse, B. W. Bateman (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P. 237—256</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baldwin Th. (2006). Keynes and Ethics // The Cambridge Companion to Keynes / R. E. Backhouse, B. W. Bateman (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P. 237—256</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bateman B.W. (2003). The End of Keynes and Philosophy? // The Philosophy of Keynes’s Economics / J. Runde, S. Mizuhara (eds.). L.: Routledge. P. 71—84.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bateman B.W. (2003). The End of Keynes and Philosophy? // The Philosophy of Keynes’s Economics / J. Runde, S. Mizuhara (eds.). L.: Routledge. P. 71—84.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Braithwaite R. B. (1973). Editorial Foreword // The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. N. Y.: St. Martin Press. Vol. VIII. P. XV—XXII.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Braithwaite R. B. (1973). Editorial Foreword // The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. N. Y.: St. Martin Press. Vol. VIII. P. XV—XXII.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carabelli A. (2003). Keynes: Economics as a Branch of Probable Logic // The Philosophy of Keynes’s Economics / J. Runde, S. Mizuhara (eds.). L.: Routledge. P. 216—226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carabelli A. (2003). Keynes: Economics as a Branch of Probable Logic // The Philosophy of Keynes’s Economics / J. Runde, S. Mizuhara (eds.). L.: Routledge. P. 216—226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gillies D. (2006). Keynes and Probability // The Cambridge Companion to Keynes / R. E. Backhouse, B. W. Bateman (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P. 199—216.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gillies D. (2006). Keynes and Probability // The Cambridge Companion to Keynes / R. E. Backhouse, B. W. Bateman (eds.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P. 199—216.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Greer W. B. (2000). Ethics and Uncertainty. The Economics of John M. Keynes and Frank H. Knight. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Greer W. B. (2000). Ethics and Uncertainty. The Economics of John M. Keynes and Frank H. Knight. Cheltenham; Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hauwe van den L. (2008). John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability // Precesos de Mercado — Revista Europea de Economic Politica. Vol. 5, No 1. P. 11—50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hauwe van den L. (2008). John Maynard Keynes and Ludwig von Mises on Probability // Precesos de Mercado — Revista Europea de Economic Politica. Vol. 5, No 1. P. 11—50.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hishiyama I. (1969). The Logic of Uncertainty According to J. M. Keynes // Kyoto University Economic Review. Vol. 39, No 1. P. 22—44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hishiyama I. (1969). The Logic of Uncertainty According to J. M. Keynes // Kyoto University Economic Review. Vol. 39, No 1. P. 22—44.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson L. E., Ley R. D., Cate Th. (2005). Selecting Social Goals: J. M. Keynes and the Emergence of Ontological Rationality in Economics // International Advances in Economic Research. No 11. P. 291—299.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson L. E., Ley R. D., Cate Th. (2005). Selecting Social Goals: J. M. Keynes and the Emergence of Ontological Rationality in Economics // International Advances in Economic Research. No 11. P. 291—299.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Keynes J. M. (1973 [1921]). A Treatise of Probability // The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. N. Y.: St. Martin Press. Vol. VIII.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Keynes J. M. (1973 [1921]). A Treatise of Probability // The Collected Writings of John Maynard Keynes. N. Y.: St. Martin Press. Vol. VIII.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knight F. (1956 [1938]). ‘What is Truth’ in Economics? // On the History and Method of Economics. Chicago: Chicago University Press. P. 151—178.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knight F. (1956 [1938]). ‘What is Truth’ in Economics? // On the History and Method of Economics. Chicago: Chicago University Press. P. 151—178.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knight F. (1947). Freedom and Reform. Essays in Economics and Social Philosophy. N.Y.: Harper&amp;Brothers.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knight F. (1947). Freedom and Reform. Essays in Economics and Social Philosophy. N.Y.: Harper&amp;Brothers.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lawson T. (1988). Probability and Uncertainty in Economic Analysis// Journal of Post-Keynessian Economics. Vol. 11, No 1. P. 38—65.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lawson T. (1988). Probability and Uncertainty in Economic Analysis// Journal of Post-Keynessian Economics. Vol. 11, No 1. P. 38—65.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rothbard M. N. (2004) Man, Economy, and State. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rothbard M. N. (2004) Man, Economy, and State. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shackle G. L. S. (1994). Keynes and Today’s Establishment in Economic Theory: A View // John Maynard Keynes Critical Assessments. Vol. 4. L.: Routledge. P. 1—6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shackle G. L. S. (1994). Keynes and Today’s Establishment in Economic Theory: A View // John Maynard Keynes Critical Assessments. Vol. 4. L.: Routledge. P. 1—6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
