voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2026-3-63-86voprecotest-5789Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ИННОВАЦИЙ И ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО ПРОГРЕССАECONOMICS OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGEНаучно-производственная кооперация как фактор импортозамещения в российской обрабатывающей промышленностиCooperation between science and business in Russian manufacturing: The role of import substitutionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2971-6718КузыкМ. Г.KuzykM. G.

Кузык Михаил Георгиевич, к. э. н., вед. н. с. Центра ис­следо­ваний структурной политики (ЦИСП) НИУ ВШЭ

Москва

Mikhail G. Kuzyk

Moscow

mkuzyk@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-5931-2750БахтиароваК. А.BakhtiarovaK. A.

Бахтиарова Кристина Алексеевна, стажер-исследователь ЦИСП НИУ ВШЭ

Москва

Kristina A. Bakhtiarova

Moscow

kabakhtiarova@edu.hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202611032026036386Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20262026Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5789

Во многих работах рассматриваются различные аспекты импортозависимости и импортозамещения. Не менее широко представлены в современной литературе исследования, посвященные научно-производственной коопе­рации. Вместе с тем эти темы во взаимосвязи до настоящего времени изучались ­ редко. Настоящее исследование призвано отчасти восполнить указанный пробел. На основании данных обследования около 2 тыс. предприятий российской обрабатывающей промышленности рассмотрены взаимосвязь научно-производственной кооперации и импортозависимости и вклад первой в изменение динамики импорта в 2019—2021 гг. Выявлено, что для участников научно-производственной кооперации, при прочих равных условиях, характерна более высокая зависимость от импорта промежуточной продукции, оборудования и технологий. При этом взаимодействие с наукой не оказывает значимого влияния на масштабы использования фирмами импорта. Такое взаимодействие для передовых российских компаний зачастую выступает не альтернативой, а дополнением к использованию зарубежных инновационных продуктов, технологий и компетенций.

To date, there are dozens of studies examining various aspects of import dependence and import substitution. Research on cooperation between science and business is also widespread in contemporary economic literature. However, these topics have rarely been examined in relation to each other. This study aims to partially fill this gap. Based on data from a survey of about 2,000 Russian manufacturing companies, the article examines the relationship between import dependence and cooperation between science and business, and the latter’s contribution to changes in the dynamics of import use in 2019—2021. We have found that companies interacting with domestic science are characterized by a higher dependence on imports of intermediate goods, equipment, and technologies. At the same time, cooperation between science and business does not have a significant impact on the scale of imports used by companies. In general, for leading Russian companies, interaction with domestic science is often not an alternative but a supplement to the use of foreign innovative products, technologies, and competencies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.