voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2026-3-25-43voprecotest-5746Research ArticleМЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАINTERNATIONAL ECONOMICSОт «мировой фабрики» к «мировому офису»: роль Китая в международной торговле услугамиFrom the “world’s factory” to the “global office”: China’s role in international trade in serviceshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4845-6897БирюковаО. В.BiryukovaO. V.

Бирюкова Ольга Владимировна, к. э. н., доцент департамента мировой экономики, с. н. с. Центра комплексных европейских и международных исследований (ЦКЕМИ) НИУ ВШЭ

Москва

Olga V. Biryukova

Moscow

obiryukova@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-2686-6404ЖаронкинаД. В.ZharonkinaD. V.

Жаронкина Дарья Владимировна, лаборант ЦКЕМИ НИУ ВШЭ

Москва

Darya V. Zharonkina

Moscow

dzharonkina@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202611032026032543Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20262026Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5746

Проанализированы состояние и динамика развития сферы услуг Китая как ключевого фактора повышения международной конкурентоспособности страны. Исследованы параметры участия КНР в международной торговле услугами, пока значительно отстающей от торговли товарами. Отмечено, что Китай уделяет большое внимание торговле услугами и для обеспечения конкурентоспособности компаний обрабатывающей промышленности, и как самостоятельному экспортному направлению. Обязательства Китая в ВТО стимулировали проведение реформ, направленных на либерализацию рынка и привлечение прямых иностранных инвестиций (ПИИ). Вопреки устояв­ шемуся мнению, в китайских входящих и исходящих ПИИ доминирует сфера услуг, а не обрабатывающая промышленность; в последние годы эта тенденция лишь усиливается. Расчеты индекса сравнительных преимуществ в сфере услуг показали, что текущая специализация Китая связана прежде всего со строительством, ИКТ, прочими деловыми услугами и транспортом. Страна стремится перейти к экспорту услуг с более высокой добавленной стоимостью, особенно цифровых. Сделан вывод, что дальнейший прогресс Китая в международной торговле услугами будет определяться успешным развитием финансового сектора и туризма, а также повышением конкуренто­ способности в высокотехнологичных сегментах.

The article analyzes the state and dynamics of China’s service sector develop­ ment as a key factor in enhancing the country’s international competitiveness. The study examines the parameters of China’s participation in international trade in services, which still lags significantly behind trade in goods. Nevertheless, the country places great emphasis on trade in services for a range of strategic, economic, and political reasons. China’s WTO commitments stimulated reforms aimed at market liberalization and attracting foreign direct investment. The country’s current specialization is concentrated in sectors such as construction, ICT, and transport. However, China tries to transit towards the export of higher value-added services, especially digital ones. The authors conclude that China’s further progress in international trade in services will be determined by the suc­ cessful development of its financial and tourism sectors, as well as its ability to enhance competitiveness in high-tech segments.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.