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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2026-4-84-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-5723</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зависимость китайской экономики  от внешнего фактора: влияние  экспорта на экономический рост</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The dependence of the Chinese economy on external factors: The impact of exports on economic growth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2355-8600</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потапов Максим Александрович , д. э. н., гл. н. с.  Центра азиатско-тихоокеанских исследований ИМЭМО РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim A. Potapov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mpotapov2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский  институт мировой экономики и международных отношений (ИМЭМО) им. Е. М. Примакова  РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5723">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5723</self-uri><abstract><p>Охарактеризованы динамика и соотношение экспорта и экономического роста КНР за последние 20—40 лет, определена эластичность ВВП по экспорту, проанализирована структура ВВП КНР по расходам, оценен вклад общего товарного и чистого экспорта товаров и услуг в экономический рост Китая. Чистый экспорт занимает менее важное место в структуре китайского ВВП по расходам по сравнению с внутренним потреблением и инвестициями. При сравнении показателей динамики ВВП и экспорта видны преимущественная неэластичность темпов роста китайской экономики по экспорту, высокая устойчивость ее роста к изменениям объема последнего. Вклад экспорта в экономический рост КНР уступает внутренним факторам потребительского и инвестиционного спроса, при этом за последние годы его роль возросла. В целом экспорт стимулирует экономический рост, является важным элементом национального расширенного воспроизводства Китая, увеличивает внутренний потребительский и инвестиционный спрос, обеспечивая стране технологическое лидерство. Импорт, инвестиции и технологии — другие важные компоненты зависимости китайской экономики от внешнего фактора, требующие дальнейшего изучения. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article characterizes the dynamics and relationship between exports and economic growth in China over the past 20—40 years, determines the export elasticity of GDP, analyzes the structure of China’s GDP by expenditure, and assesses the contribution of total commodity and net exports of goods and services to PRC’s economic growth. Net exports occupy a secondary position in the structure of China’s GDP by expenditure compared to domestic consumption and investment. A comparison of GDP and export dynamics reveals the predominant export inelasticity of China’s growth rate and its high resilience to changes in export volumes. The contribution of exports to China’s economic growth is currently inferior to domestic factors of consumer and investment demand, demonstrating a slight increase in its share in recent years to 30—40% of GDP growth. Overall, exports have a positive stimulating effect on economic growth, they are an important element of China’s national expanded reproduction, and increase domestic consumer and investment demand. Exports ensure technological leadership for the country, which is a priority for further economic development. Imports, investment and technology are other important components of China’s economic dependence on external factors that require further analysis. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>валовой внутренний продукт</kwd><kwd>дуговая эластичность</kwd><kwd>Китай</kwd><kwd>новые технологии</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>чистый экспорт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gross domestic product</kwd><kwd>arc elasticity</kwd><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>new technologies</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>net exports</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баумоль У. (1965). Экономическая теория и исследование операций. М.: Прогресс.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baumol W. (1965). Economic theory and operations analysis. Moscow: Progress. 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