voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2026-2-31-51voprecotest-5717Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИISSUES OF THEORYНаивные экономические убеждения: эмпирические оценки распространенностиNaïve economic beliefs: Empirical evidence on their prevalencehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0667-3391ТамбовцевВ. Л.TambovtsevV. L.

Тамбовцев Виталий Леонидович - д. э. н., проф., гл. н. с. лаборатории институционального анализа экономического факультета (ЭФ) МГУ.

Москва

Vitaly L. Tambovtsev.

Moscow

tambovtsev@econ.msu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0486-9155ВалитоваЛ. А.ValitovaL. A.

Валитова Лилия Аскаровна - к. э. н., с. н. с. лаборатории институционального анализа ЭФ МГУ.

Москва

Lilia A. Valitova.

Moscow

lvalit@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-1747СиткевичД. А.SitkevichD. A.

Ситкевич Даниил Андреевич - к. э. н., с. н. с. лаборатории институционального анализа ЭФ МГУ.

Москва

Daniil A. Sitkevich.

Moscow

dasitkevich@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-7111ШерешеваМ. Ю.ShereshevaM. Y.

Шерешева Марина Юрьевна - д. э. н., проф., завкафедрой маркетинга и завлабораторией институционального анализа ЭФ МГУ.

Москва

Marina Y. Sheresheva.

Moscow

m.sheresheva@mail.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202607022026023151Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20262026Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5717

Принимая решения, люди опираются на разные типы информации — качественной и количественной, объективной и субъективной, верной и ошибочной, научной и ненаучной и т. д. Около 20 лет назад было выявлено, что среди этого разнообразия существует ряд убеждений о том, как работает экономика, которые существенно отличаются от того, как она трактуется в экономической науке. Причем эти убеждения общие для жителей разных стран, подталкивая их к принятию решений, снижающих собственное благосостояние. Данная совокупность убеждений получила название наивной, или народной экономической теории. Представлены характеристики этой «теории» и результаты эмпирических исследований ее распространенности в двух группах населения нашей страны: студенческой молодежи и высокопоставленных государственных служащих. Для первой использовался метод анкетного опроса, для второй — компьютерного нарративного анализа. Общий уровень распространенности убеждений наивной экономической теории в рамках пилотных исследований можно оценить как невысокий, что подтверждает необходимость повысить уровень экономического образования в стране.

In making decisions, people rely on a wide variety of information — qualitative and quantitative, objective and subjective, accurate and mistaken, scientific and non-scientific. About two decades ago, researchers identified a cluster of beliefs on how the economy works that differed markedly from how it is understood in economics. These beliefs appear to be remarkably consistent across countries and often lead to decisions that may reduce individual welfare. This set of ideas has come to be known as folk or naïve economics. The article provides an overview of this “theory” and presents empirical findings on its prevalence among certain groups in Russia — specifically, university students and senior government officials. The first group was surveyed using questionnaires, while the second one was examined through computer-assisted narrative analysis. The pilot studies suggest that the overall prevalence of naïve economic beliefs is relatively low, though this does not diminish the importance of improving economic education in the country.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.