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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2026-10-94-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-5698</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИКРОЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MICROECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эффект масштаба в потреблении российских домохозяйств: изменяется ли выгода от совместного проживания?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economies of scale in Russian household consumption: Are the benefits of living together changing?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-4881</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишура</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishura</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мишура Анна Владимировна, д. э. н., проф. департамента экономики, с. н. с. Центра исследований рынков и пространственной экономики Санкт-­Петербургской школы экономики и менеджмента (ШЭМ)</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Mishura </p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.mishura@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишневская</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnevskaya</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вишневская Полина Игоревна, студентка ШЭМ </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina I. Vishnevskaya </p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vishpolin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пелгонен</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pelgonen</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пелгонен Дарья Александровна, студентка ШЭМ</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Pelgonen </p><p>Saint Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pelgonen2003@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5698">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5698</self-uri><abstract><p>Возможны ли изменения в проявлении экономических выгод от совместного проживания вследствие эволюции паттернов потребления и тенденции к уменьшению среднего размера домохозяйства? Для ответа на этот вопрос проверяется существование парадокса Дитона—Паксон на данных обследования бюджетов российских домохозяйств за 2003—2023 гг. с использованием непараметрического анализа и эконометрического оценивания систем внешне несвязанных уравнений. Обнаружен и оценен значимый эффект масштаба в потреблении продуктов питания и услуг (включая услуги ЖКХ и аренду жилья). Эффект масштаба в потреблении продуктов питания проявляется сильнее в более обеспеченных домохозяйствах, которые имеют больше возможностей для изменения и оптимизации моделей своего потребления. Экономия в совместном потреблении услуг сильнее выражена в более бедных домохозяйствах, что связано с большим весом услуг ЖКХ для таких семей. Величина экономии масштаба в потреблении продовольствия при совместном проживании относительно стабильна, а эффект масштаба в потреблении услуг в период 2009—2020 гг. имел тенденцию к усилению. Это связано с развитием сферы услуг и с тем, что при совместном проживании услуги могут использоваться совместно или в меньшей мере. Совокупно это означает, что хотя развитие современной потребительской сферы делает одиночное проживание более удобным и привлекательным, экономические выгоды от совместного проживания со временем не становятся меньше.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Could the evolution of consumption patterns and the trend toward declining average household size lead to changes in the economic benefits associated with living together? To address this question, we test for the existence of the “Deaton—Paxson paradox” using data from the Russian Household Budget Survey for 2003—2023. We employ nonparametric analysis and econometric estimation of systems of seemingly unrelated equations. We find significant economies of scale in both food consumption and service consumption, including housing and utilities. Economies of scale in food consumption are stronger among wealthier households, which have greater opportunities to adjust and optimize their consumption patterns. By contrast, economies of scale in shared consumption of services are more pronounced among poorer households, reflecting the greater importance of housing and utilities in their consumption. The magnitude of economies of scale in food consumption remained relatively stable over the study period, whereas economies of scale in service consumption tended to increase between 2009 and 2020. We attribute this pattern to the development of the service sector and the fact that services can be shared among household members or consumed to a lesser extent when household members live together. Overall, although the development of the modern consumer economy makes living alone more convenient and attractive, the economic benefits associated with living together do not diminish over time.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эффект масштаба в потреблении</kwd><kwd>парадокс Дитона— Паксон</kwd><kwd>системы внешне несвязанных уравнений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economies of scale in consumption</kwd><kwd>Deaton—Paxson paradox</kwd><kwd>seemingly unrelated regressions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ (HSE­BR­2025­077).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared within the framework of the HSE University Basic Research Program (HSE­BR­2025­077).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абанокова К. 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