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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2026-3-106-128</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-5676</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вознаграждение за навыки ИТ‑специалистов в российских городах по данным о вакансиях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Returns on skills of IT specialists in Russian cities based on job vacancy data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-5327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гильтман</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Giltman</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гильтман Марина Андреевна, к. э. н., проф. кафедры эконо­мики и финансов, заведующая научно-учебной лабораторией исследований рынка­ труда</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Giltman</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">giltman@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1505-9454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарифулин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharifulin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шарифулин Степан Владимирович, ­разработчик ПО</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stepan V. Sharifulin</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepan.sharifulin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-7420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мерзлякова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Merzlyakova</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мерзлякова Анастасия Юрьевна, к. э. н., проф., вед. н. с. научно-учебной лаборатории исследований рынка труда</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya Y. Merzlyakova</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.y.merzlyakova@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8300-3378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурзагулова</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murzagulova</surname><given-names>R. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурзагулова Регина Фанисовна, аспирант по направлению «Экономика», ассистент ­ кафедры экономиче­ской безопасности, системного анализа и контроля, лаборант-исследователь научно-­учебной лаборатории исследований рынка труда</p><p>Тюмень</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Regina F. Murzagulova</p><p>Tyumen</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">r.f.murzagulova@utmn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тюменский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Tyumen</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Слайдер Презентации»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Presentation Slider, LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5676">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5676</self-uri><abstract><p>Оценивается вознаграждение за навыки ИТ‑специалистов в российских городах. Эмпирическую базу исследования составили открытые данные о вакансиях, опубликованные на портале HeadHunter в марте—апреле 2025 г. Описана работа с данными о вакансиях, включая унификацию навыков и преобразование их в дискретные переменные. Основным подходом исследования выступает гедонистическое ценообразование на рынке труда, согласно которому оценивается влияние различных факторов на предлагаемую заработную плату специалистов в сфере информационных технологий. Построение эконо­метрических моделей включает двухшаговый МНК с коррекцией Хекмана и с последовательным добавлением переменных к базовой спецификации. Результаты показали, что профессиональные ИТ-навыки, личностные характеристики, управленческие навыки, а также занятость в Москве, Московской области и Санкт-Петербурге вносят значимо положительный вклад в предлагаемую заработную плату ИТ‑специалистов. Значимый отрицательный вклад вносят занятость в городах с населением от 250 тыс. до 1 млн человек, а также социальные навыки. Для профессиональных ИТ‑навыков получены значимые положительные эффекты для Москвы, Московской области­ и Санкт‑Петербурга, означающие, что влияние фактора города остается даже после учета различий между городами в оценках навыков. Основные выводы исследования дают основания говорить, что региональная образовательная политика должна учитывать особенности локального спроса на труд ИТ‑специалистов. Подход к работе с относительно небольшим, но легко доступным массивом данных может применяться для экспертной HR-аналитики, например, для выявления различий между рынками труда отдельных городов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article assesses the returns on skills of IT specialists in Russian cities of different sizes. The empirical basis of the study consists of open data on job vacancies published on the HeadHunter platform in March—April 2025. The paper describes the data processing procedures, including the unification of skill descriptions and their transformation into discrete variables. The main research method is hedonic wage modeling in the labor market, which allows for estimating the impact of various factors on the salaries of information technology professionals. The econometric modeling employs a two-step OLS approach with Heckman correction and sequential inclusion of variables into the baseline specification. The results show that professional IT skills, personal characteristics, managerial skills, and employment in Moscow, the Moscow region, St. Petersburg, and cities located outside the Russian Federation have a statistically significant positive effect on IT specialists’ wages. Employment in cities with populations between 250 thousand and one million people, as well as social skills, have a significant negative effect. For professional IT skills, significant positive effects were identified in Moscow, the Moscow region, and St. Petersburg, indicating that the city effect remains even after accounting for cross-city differences in skill valuation. The main findings of the study are relevant for the development and implementation of education, regional, and migration policies aimed at fostering the training and mobility of highly qualified employees. The proposed approach to working with relatively small but easily accessible datasets can also be applied in expert HR analytics, for example, to identify differences among local labor markets.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакансии</kwd><kwd>спрос на труд</kwd><kwd>гедонистическое ценообразование</kwd><kwd>ИT</kwd><kwd>заработная плата</kwd><kwd>локальные рынки труда</kwd><kwd>навыки.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vacancies</kwd><kwd>demand for labor</kwd><kwd>hedonistic pricing</kwd><kwd>IT</kwd><kwd>wages</kwd><kwd>cities</kwd><kwd>local labor markets</kwd><kwd>skills</kwd><kwd>hard skills</kwd><kwd>soft skills.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 25-28‑00080, (https://rscf.ru/project/25-28-00080/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant No. 25‑28-00080, https://rscf.ru/en/project/25-28-00080/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Волгин А. 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