<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2013-8-123-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-567</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИСКУССИОННЫЙ КЛУБ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEBATING SOCIETY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нарушая обещания: венгерский опыт</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Breaking Promises: Hungarian Experience</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнаи</surname><given-names>Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kornai</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>почетный профессор Гарвардского Университета (США) и Корвинского Будапештского Университета (Венгрия)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гарвардский Университет (США); Корвинский Будапештский Университет (Венгрия)</institution><country>Венгрия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Harvard University (Cambridge, MA, U.S.), Corvinus University of Budapest (Budapest, Hungary)</institution><country>Hungary</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>08</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/567">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/567</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется значение обещаний и обязательств в экономической жизни, выделяются основные типы обязательств, а также показаны неблагоприятные последствия их нарушения. Приводятся обстоятельства, которые необходимо учитывать для взвешенной оценки ситуаций, когда обязательства не выполнены. Примеры нарушения обещаний, логика такого нарушения и препятствующие ему факторы обсуждаются в этическом и политическом контекстах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the role of promises and obligations in economic life, delineates the major types of obligations and shows the devastating consequences of breaking the promises. Various additional circumstances are also considered that have to be accounted for in the balanced judgment of the situations in which the obligations are not met. The examples of breaking promises, logics of such a breaking and the factors precluding it are discussed in the ethical and political contexts as well.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>институты</kwd><kwd>обещания</kwd><kwd>обязательства</kwd><kwd>доверие</kwd><kwd>контракты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>institutions</kwd><kwd>promises</kwd><kwd>obligations</kwd><kwd>trust</kwd><kwd>contracts</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bernát A. (2012). A magyarok negyede továbbra is küzd a havi számlákkal. [A Quarter of Hungarians Still Struggling with the Bills.] // TÁRKI Zrt. http://www.tarki.hu/ hu/news/2012/kitekint/20120620_szamla.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bernát A. (2012). A magyarok negyede továbbra is küzd a havi számlákkal. [A Quarter of Hungarians Still Struggling with the Bills.] // TÁRKI Zrt. http://www.tarki.hu/ hu/news/2012/kitekint/20120620_szamla.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bolton P., Dewatripont M. (2005). Contract Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bolton P., Dewatripont M. (2005). Contract Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Economic Advisory Group (2012). The Hungarian Crisis // The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Münich: CESifo. Р. 115—130.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Economic Advisory Group (2012). The Hungarian Crisis // The EEAG Report on the European Economy. Münich: CESifo. Р. 115—130.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fogyasztуvédelmi Alapítvány [Foundation for Consumer Protection] (2012). Milyen panaszlehet_ségeink vannak? Hova fordulhatunk, ha megkárosítanak? [What Complaint Possibilities are there? Where Can We Turn to When Suffering Damage?] http:// fogyasztovedelem.hu/Varia_x/panasz.htm#panaszlehetoseg.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fogyasztуvédelmi Alapítvány [Foundation for Consumer Protection] (2012). Milyen panaszlehet_ségeink vannak? Hova fordulhatunk, ha megkárosítanak? [What Complaint Possibilities are there? Where Can We Turn to When Suffering Damage?] http:// fogyasztovedelem.hu/Varia_x/panasz.htm#panaszlehetoseg.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ingatlan és Befektetés [Real Estate and Investment; a Hungarian journal] (2012).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ingatlan és Befektetés [Real Estate and Investment; a Hungarian journal] (2012).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">A háztartások eladуsodottsága fordulóponthoz ér 2012-ben [Households’ Indebtedness Reaches a Turning Point in 2012].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">A háztartások eladуsodottsága fordulóponthoz ér 2012-ben [Households’ Indebtedness Reaches a Turning Point in 2012].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http://www.ingatlanbefektetes.hu/cikkek/ a-haztartasok-eladosodottsaga-forduloponthoz-er-2012-ben-22-nem-tudja-kozuzemi- dijat-fizetni.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http://www.ingatlanbefektetes.hu/cikkek/ a-haztartasok-eladosodottsaga-forduloponthoz-er-2012-ben-22-nem-tudja-kozuzemi- dijat-fizetni.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hart O. (1988) Incomplete Contracts and the Theory of the Firm // Journal of Law, Economics and Organization. Vol. 4, No l. P. 119—139.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hart O. (1988) Incomplete Contracts and the Theory of the Firm // Journal of Law, Economics and Organization. Vol. 4, No l. P. 119—139.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hart O., Moore J. (1988). Incomplete Contracts and Renegotiation // Econometrica. Vol. 56, No 4. P. 755—785.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hart O., Moore J. (1988). Incomplete Contracts and Renegotiation // Econometrica. Vol. 56, No 4. P. 755—785.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Horton S. (2007). Schiller’s „The Hostage” // Harper’s Magazine. September 16. http://www.harpers.org/archive/2007/09/hbc-90001221.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Horton S. (2007). Schiller’s „The Hostage” // Harper’s Magazine. September 16. http://www.harpers.org/archive/2007/09/hbc-90001221.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hudecz A. (2012). Párhuzamos történetek. A lakossági devizahitelezés kialakulása és kezelése Lengyelországban, Romániában és Magyarországon // Közgazdasági Szemle. Vol. 59. Р. 349—411.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hudecz A. (2012). Párhuzamos történetek. A lakossági devizahitelezés kialakulása és kezelése Lengyelországban, Romániában és Magyarországon // Közgazdasági Szemle. Vol. 59. Р. 349—411.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kornhauser L. A. (1983). Reliance, Reputation and Breach of Contract // Journal of Law and Economics. Vol. 26, No 3. Р. 691—706.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kornhauser L. A. (1983). Reliance, Reputation and Breach of Contract // Journal of Law and Economics. Vol. 26, No 3. Р. 691—706.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Macaulay S. (1963). Non-Contractual Relations in Business: A Preliminary Study // American Sociological Review. Vol. 28, No 1. Р. 55—67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Macaulay S. (1963). Non-Contractual Relations in Business: A Preliminary Study // American Sociological Review. Vol. 28, No 1. Р. 55—67.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matolcsy G. (2010). Nemzeti ügyek politikája [The Politics of National Issues]. http:// static.fidesz.hu/download/481/nemzeti_ugyek_politikaja_8481.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Matolcsy G. (2010). Nemzeti ügyek politikája [The Politics of National Issues]. http:// static.fidesz.hu/download/481/nemzeti_ugyek_politikaja_8481.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Magyar Nemzeti Bank [Hungarian National Bank] (2012). Jelentés a pénzügyi stabilitásrуl. [Report on the Financial Stability]. November.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Magyar Nemzeti Bank [Hungarian National Bank] (2012). Jelentés a pénzügyi stabilitásrуl. [Report on the Financial Stability]. November.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">http://www.mnb.hu/Root/ Dokumentumtar/MNB/Kiadvanyok/mnbhu_stabil/mnbhu_stab_ jel_201211/ jelentes_penzugyi_stabilitas_201211_hu.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">http://www.mnb.hu/Root/ Dokumentumtar/MNB/Kiadvanyok/mnbhu_stabil/mnbhu_stab_ jel_201211/ jelentes_penzugyi_stabilitas_201211_hu.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MTI (2012a). Hároméves költségvetési keretet kér az épít_iparnak az ÉVOSZ. [A Three-year Budget is Requested by EVOSZ] // Figyelő. October 15. www.figyelo.hu/cikk_print. php?cid=377736_haromeves_koltsegvetesi_keretet_ker_az_epitoiparnak_az_evosz.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MTI (2012a). Hároméves költségvetési keretet kér az épít_iparnak az ÉVOSZ. [A Three-year Budget is Requested by EVOSZ] // Figyelő. October 15. www.figyelo.hu/cikk_print. php?cid=377736_haromeves_koltsegvetesi_keretet_ker_az_epitoiparnak_az_evosz.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MTI (2012b). Nincs kiút a körbetartozások ürdögi köréb_l? [No Way Out from the Vicious Circle of Circular Indebtedness?] // Stop.hu. 2012. September 16. www.stop.hu/ gazdasag/nincs-kiut-akorbetartozasok-ordogi-korebol/1083388/.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MTI (2012b). Nincs kiút a körbetartozások ürdögi köréb_l? [No Way Out from the Vicious Circle of Circular Indebtedness?] // Stop.hu. 2012. September 16. www.stop.hu/ gazdasag/nincs-kiut-akorbetartozasok-ordogi-korebol/1083388/.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012a). Beszámolу a 20008-es évről [Report on 2008].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012a). Beszámolу a 20008-es évről [Report on 2008].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012a). Beszámolу a 20008-es évről [Report on 2008]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms13403/beszamolo_2008.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012a). Beszámolу a 20008-es évről [Report on 2008]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms13403/beszamolo_2008.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012b). Beszámolу a 2009-es évről [Report on 2009]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms29775/beszamolo_2009.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012b). Beszámolу a 2009-es évről [Report on 2009]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms29775/beszamolo_2009.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012c). Beszámolу a 2010-es évről [Report on 2010]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms40651/beszamolo_2010.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012c). Beszámolу a 2010-es évről [Report on 2010]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms40651/beszamolo_2010.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012d). Beszбmolу a 2011-es évről [Report on 2011]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms49597/2011_eves_beszamolo.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nemzeti Fogyasztóvédelmi Hivatal [Hungarian Authority for Consumer Protection] (2012d). Beszбmolу a 2011-es évről [Report on 2011]. www.nfh.hu/data/ cms49597/2011_eves_beszamolo.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patterson D. M. (1992). The Value of a Promise // Law and Philosophy. Vol. 11, No 4. Р. 385—402.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patterson D. M. (1992). The Value of a Promise // Law and Philosophy. Vol. 11, No 4. Р. 385—402.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012a). Tájékoztatу a Felügyelet 2007. első negyedévi panaszügyi tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s complaint management, first quarter 2007]. www. pszaf.hu/data/cms422928/paszafhu_panaszstatisztika20071.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012a). Tájékoztatу a Felügyelet 2007. első negyedévi panaszügyi tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s complaint management, first quarter 2007]. www. pszaf.hu/data/cms422928/paszafhu_panaszstatisztika20071.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012b). Tájékoztatу a Felügyelet 2009. I. negyedévi panaszkezelési tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s complaint management, first quarter 2009]. www. pszaf.hu/data/cms2014511/Panaszkezel_ _si_t_ _j_ _koztat_ _.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012b). Tájékoztatу a Felügyelet 2009. I. negyedévi panaszkezelési tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s complaint management, first quarter 2009]. www. pszaf.hu/data/cms2014511/Panaszkezel_ _si_t_ _j_ _koztat_ _.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012c). Összefoglalу a felügyelet fogyasztóvédelmi célú 2012. I. negyedéves hatósági tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s consumer protection activity, first quarter 2012]. www.pszaf.hu/data/cms2350942/fogyved_hatosagi_tev_2012Q1.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pénzügyi Szervezetek Állami Felügyelete [Hungarian Financial Supervisory Authority] (2012c). Összefoglalу a felügyelet fogyasztóvédelmi célú 2012. I. negyedéves hatósági tevékenységéről. [Summary on the Authority’s consumer protection activity, first quarter 2012]. www.pszaf.hu/data/cms2350942/fogyved_hatosagi_tev_2012Q1.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Raiser M., Rousso A., Steves F. (2004). Measuring Trust in Transition: Preliminary Findings from 26 Transition Economies // Creating Social Trust in Post-Socialist Transition / J. Kornai, B. Rothstein, S. Rose-Ackerman (eds.). N. Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. Р. 55—70.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Raiser M., Rousso A., Steves F. (2004). Measuring Trust in Transition: Preliminary Findings from 26 Transition Economies // Creating Social Trust in Post-Socialist Transition / J. Kornai, B. Rothstein, S. Rose-Ackerman (eds.). N. Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. Р. 55—70.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiller F. ([1799] 2004). Die Bürgschaft // Sämtliche Werke. München; Wien: Carl Hanser Verlag. Vol. I. S. 352—356.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiller F. ([1799] 2004). Die Bürgschaft // Sämtliche Werke. München; Wien: Carl Hanser Verlag. Vol. I. S. 352—356.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharp F. C. (1934). The Ethics of Breach of Contract // International Journal of Ethics. Vol. 45, No 1. Р. 27—53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharp F. C. (1934). The Ethics of Breach of Contract // International Journal of Ethics. Vol. 45, No 1. Р. 27—53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shavell S. (2006). Is Breach of Contract Immoral? // Emory Law Journal. Vol. 56, No 2. Р. 439—460.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shavell S. (2006). Is Breach of Contract Immoral? // Emory Law Journal. Vol. 56, No 2. Р. 439—460.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Simonovits A. (2011). The Mandatory Private Pension Pillar in Hungary: An Obituary // International Social Security Review. Vol. 64, No 3. Р. 81—98.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Simonovits A. (2011). The Mandatory Private Pension Pillar in Hungary: An Obituary // International Social Security Review. Vol. 64, No 3. Р. 81—98.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sik E. (2011). A magyarok ötöde nem tudja fizetni a számlákat. [A Fifth of Hungarians Cannot Pay Their Bills.] // TÁRKI Zrt. www.tarki.hu/hu/news/2011/kitekint/ 20110830.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sik E. (2011). A magyarok ötöde nem tudja fizetni a számlákat. [A Fifth of Hungarians Cannot Pay Their Bills.] // TÁRKI Zrt. www.tarki.hu/hu/news/2011/kitekint/ 20110830.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Woodruff C. (2004). Establishing Confidence in Business Partners: Courts, Networks, and Relationships as Pillars of Support // Creating Social Trust in Post-Socialist Transition / J. Kornai, B. Rothstein, S. Rose-Ackerman (eds.). N. Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. Р. 111—125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Woodruff C. (2004). Establishing Confidence in Business Partners: Courts, Networks, and Relationships as Pillars of Support // Creating Social Trust in Post-Socialist Transition / J. Kornai, B. Rothstein, S. Rose-Ackerman (eds.). N. Y.: Palgrave Macmillan. Р. 111—125.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
