<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2025-6-42-62</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-5360</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>От альтернативных активов к системным изменениям: как криптовалюты трансформируют международные финансы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>From alternative assets to systemic change: How cryptocurrencies are transforming international finance</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-6529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дюдикова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dyudikova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дюдикова Екатерина Ивановна, д. э. н., вед. н. с. департамента науки</p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina I. Dyudikova</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dudikova.e@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9336-8100</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куницына</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kunitsyna</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куницына Наталья Николаевна, д. э. н., проф., завкафедрой финансов и кредита Института экономики и управления </p><p>Ставрополь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Kunitsyna</p><p>Stavropol</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nkunitcyna@ncfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5360">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5360</self-uri><abstract><p>Потребность в трансформации мировой валютно-финансовой системы, нарастание экономического и цифрового неравенства, глобальные вызовы, структурные сдвиги и поликризис выявили устойчивость криптовалютной индустрии, что проявилось в общественном принятии криптовалютных активов и как готового финансового продукта, и как новой идеологической доктрины, в соответствии с теорией диффузии инноваций. Для определения влияния эволюции криптовалютной экосистемы на конфигурацию мировой валютно-финансовой системы проанализированы панельные данные по 79 социокультурным, политическим, демографическим и экономическим показателям за 2014—2024 гг. В результате выявлены индивидуальные факторы, стимулирующие признание криптовалютных реалий с позиции уникальных потребительских и функциональных свойств. Сделан акцент на специфичности формирования криптовалютного ландшафта, на эффекте жесткого регулирования, конфликте между экономической реальностью и не успевшими адаптироваться к ней убеждениями. Установлено, что скорость и глубина принятия обществом криптовалютных активов зависят в большей степени от субъективных характеристик, влияющих на принятие решений и выражающих потребность в новой конфигурации мировой валютно-финансовой системы, а не от объективных факторов. Важным направлением социально-экономического развития представляется модификация механизма криптовалютных трансграничных переводов, обеспечивающего переход к человекоцентричной экосистеме многополярного порядка с уникальным стандартом валютного трансферта.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The social need to transform the global monetary and financial system, which is at the stage of rapid self-destruction against the background of growing economic and digital inequality, global challenges, structural shifts and polycrisis revealed the stability of the cryptocurrency industry, which manifested itself in the public acceptance of cryptocurrency assets both as a financial product and as a new ideological doctrine, in accordance with the theory of diffusion of innovation. The impact of the cryptocurrency ecosystem modification on the configuration of the global monetary and financial system has become the subject of this study. The authors analyzed panel data, which is based on 79 socio-cultural, political, demographic and economic indicators in dynamics for 2014—2024. As a result, individual factors have been identified that stimulate the smart society to recognize cryptocurrency realities not from a technological basis, but from the perspective of unique consumer and functional properties. Emphasis is placed on the specificity of the formation of the cryptocurrency landscape: the bidirectional world movement “retail users ↔ institutional players”; the paradoxical effect of tight regulation; conflict between economic reality and “beliefs”, etc. It has been established that the speed and depth of the cryptocurrency assets adoption by society is variable to a greater extent not from objective factors, but from subjective characteristics that affect decision-making and express the need for a new configuration of the global monetary and financial system. A breakthrough direction of socio-economic development is the ideology and design adaptation of the cryptocurrency channel of cross-border money transfers, which ensures the transition to a human-centered ecosystem of a multipolar order with a unique currency transfer standard.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>глобальная неопределенность</kwd><kwd>децентрализованные финансы</kwd><kwd>диффузия инновации</kwd><kwd>криптовалюта</kwd><kwd>мировая валютно-финансовая система</kwd><kwd>модель с фиксированными эффектами</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>global uncertainty</kwd><kwd>decentralized finance</kwd><kwd>innovation diffusion</kwd><kwd>cryptocurrency</kwd><kwd>global monetary and financial system</kwd><kwd>fixed effects model</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-28-00283, https://rscf.ru/project/24-28-00283/</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No 24-28-00283, https://rscf.ru/en/project/24-28-00283/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акулинкин С.С., Небера А.С. (2024). Классификация моделей трансграничной платежной инфраструктуры на основе технологии распределенного реестра // Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации. № 3. С. 39–45. https://doi:10.24412/2072-4098-2024-3270-39-45</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akulinkin S.S., Nebera A.S. (2024). Classification of Cross-Border Payment Infrastructure Models Based on Distributed Ledger Technology. Property Relations in the Russian Federation, No. 3, pp. 39–45. (In Russian). https://doi:10.24412/2072-4098-2024-3270-39-45</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Болл М. (2023). Метавселенная: Как она меняет наш мир. Москва: Альпина Паблишер.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boll M. (2023). The Metaverse: How it changes our world. Moscow: Alpina Publisher. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Варнавский А.В., Александров И.О. (2024). Новые экономические сети в инфраструктуре финансового рынка // Экономика. Налоги. Право. Т. 17, № 6. С. 78–88. https://doi:10.26794/1999-849X-2024-17-6-78-88</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Varnavskiy A.V., Alexandrov.I.O. (2024). New economic networks in the financial market infrastructure. Economics, taxes &amp; law, Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 78–88. (In Russian). https://doi:10.26794/1999-849X-2024-17-6-78-88</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глазьев С.Ю. (2008). Кризис глобальной финансовой системы: угрозы и возможности для России // Финансовая аналитика: проблемы и решения. № 10. С. 2–9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glaziev S.Yu. (2008). The Crisis of the Global Financial System: Threats and Opportunities for Russia. Financial Analytics: Science and Experience, No. 10, pp. 2–9. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дюдикова Е.И. (2024). Метавселенная: от феномена социальной группы криптоэнтузиастов к базису нового мироустройства // Общественные науки и современность. № 6. С. 7–24. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869049924060016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dyudikova E.I. (2024). The Metaverse: From the Phenomenon of a Social Group of Crypto Enthusiasts to the Basis of a New Metasociety. Social Sciences and Contemporary World, No. 6, pp. 7–24. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869049924060016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Евстафьев Д.Г. (2024). Глобальная геоэкономическая архитектура: предопределенность кризиса и вектор трансформаций // Управленческое консультирование. № 2. С. 32–49. https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-2-32-49</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evstafiev D.G. (2024). The Architecture of the Global Geo-Economics: Pre-Determination of the Crisis and the Vector of Transformations. Administrative Consulting, No. 2, pp. 32–49. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.22394/1726-1139-2024-2-32-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочергин Д.А., Андрюшин С.А., Шешукова Е.С. (2024). Возможности валютной интеграции в условиях цифровизации денежно-кредитных систем // Журнал «ЭКО». Т. 54, вып. 1. С. 132–49. https://doi:10.30680/ECO0131-7652-2024-1-132-149</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kochergin D.А., Andryushin S.А., Sheshukova Е.S. (2024). Сurrency Integration Possibilities in the Context of Monetary Systems Digitalization. ECO Journal, Vol. 54, No. 1, pp. 132–149. (In Russian). https://doi:10.30680/ECO0131-7652-2024-1-132-149</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Крылова Л.В. (2024). Возможность использования цифровых валют для трансграничных платежей в условиях санкций // Финансы: теория и практика. Т. 28, № 2. С. 101–111. https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2024-28-2-101-111</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krylova L.V. (2024). Currencies in Cross-Border Payments: Use under Sanctions. Finance: Theory and Practice, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 101–111. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2024-28-2-101-111</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кудрин А.Л. (2009). Мировой финансовый кризис и его влияние на Россию // Вопросы экономики. № 1. С. 9–27. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-1-9-27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kudrin A.L. (2009). Global Financial Crisis and Its Impact on Russia. Voprosy Ekonomiki, No. 1, pp. 9–27. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2009-1-9-27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов А.В. (2019). Проблемы формирования многополярной финансовой системы в условиях централизации глобального капитала // Мир новой экономики. Т. 13, № 2. С. 70–79. https://doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-2-70-79</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov A.V. (2019). Problems of Formation of a Multipolar Financial System under the Centralisation of Global Capital. The world of new economy, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 70–79. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.26794/2220-6469-2019-13-2-70-79</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кузнецов А.В. (2022). Императивы трансформации мировой валютно-финансовой системы в условиях многополярности // Финансы: теория и практика. Т. 26, № 2. С. 190–203. https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-2-190-203</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuznetsov A.V. (2022). Imperatives for transformation of the international monetary system in the conditions of multipolarity. Finance: Theory and Practice, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 190–203. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.26794/2587-5671-2022-26-2-190-203</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Куницына Н.Н., Дюдикова Е.И. (2024). Дезинтермедиация международных расчетов в условиях становления многополярного мира // Мировая экономика и международные отношения. Т. 68, № 9. С. 67–78. https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2024-68-9-67-78</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kunitsyna N.N., Dyudikova E.I. (2024). Disintermediation of international settlements in the context of the formation of a multipolar world. World economy and international relations, Vol. 68, No. 9, pp. 67–78. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2024-68-9-67-78</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мантатов В.В. (2012). Стратегия устойчивого развития как посткапиталистический проект глобальной ноосферной цивилизации // Вестник Международной Академии Наук (Русская секция). Специальный выпуск. С. 61–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mantatov V.V. (2012). The Strategy of Sustainable Development as a Post-Capitalist Project of Global Noospheric Civilization. Vestnik Mezhdunarodnoj akademii nauk. Russkaya sekciya, Special issue, pp. 61–64. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Маурер Т., Нельсон А. (2021). Глобальная киберугроза // Финансы и развитие. № 1. С. 24–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maurer T., Nelson A. (2021). Global cyber threat. Finance and development, No. 1, pp. 24–27. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Митяев Д.А. (2009). О динамике саморазрушения мировой финансовой системы. Сценарии и стратегии // Экономические стратегии. Т. 11, № 2. С. 22–28.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mityaev D.A. (2009). On the Dynamics of the Self-Destruction of the Global Financial System. Scenarios and Strategies. Journal of Economic Strategies, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 22–28. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Уэмура Н. (2017). Общество 5.0: взгляд Mitsubishi Electric // Экономические стратегии. № 4. С. 122–131.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uemura N. (2017). Society 5.0: The view of Mitsubishi Electric. Economic Strategies, No. 4, рр. 122–131. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щеголева Н.Г., Терентьева О.И. (2018). Трансформация мировой валютной системы: будущее за криптовалютой? // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 6. Экономика. № 2. С. 75–93. https://doi.org/10.38050/01300105201825</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shchegoleva N.G., Terenteva O.I. (2018). World Monetary System Transformation: The Future for Crypto Currency? Moscow University Economics Bulletin, No. 2, pp. 75–93. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.38050/01300105201825</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dilek S. (2019). Cryptocurrencies in the Digital Era: The Role of Technological Trust and Its International Effects. Blockchain Economics and Financial Market Innovation, pp. 453–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25275_22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dilek S. (2019). Cryptocurrencies in the Digital Era: The Role of Technological Trust and Its International Effects. Blockchain Economics and Financial Market Innovation, pp. 453–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25275_22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haass R. (2019). How a World Order Ends. And What Comes in Its Wake. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/world/how-world-order-ends</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haass R. (2019). How a World Order Ends. And What Comes in Its Wake. Foreign Affairs. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/world/how-world-order-ends</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marijn A. Bolhuis, Chen J., Kett B. (2023). Fragmentation in Global Trade: Accounting for Commodities. IMF Working Paper No. 2023/073, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2023/03/24/Fragmentation-in-Global-Trade-Accounting-for-Commodities-531327</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marijn A. Bolhuis, Chen J., Kett B. (2023). Fragmentation in Global Trade: Accounting for Commodities. IMF Working Paper No. 2023/073, International Monetary Fund. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2023/03/24/Fragmentation-in-Global-Trade-Accounting-for-Commodities-531327</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meade N., Towhidul I. (2006). Modelling and Forecasting the Diffusion of Innovation – A 25-Year Review. International Journal of Forecasting, Vol. 22, Iss. 3, pp. 519–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2006.01.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meade N., Towhidul I. (2006). Modelling and Forecasting the Diffusion of Innovation – A 25-Year Review. International Journal of Forecasting, Vol. 22, Iss. 3, pp. 519–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2006.01.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nakamoto S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/bitcoin/</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nakamoto S. (2008). Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. https://nakamotoinstitute.org/library/bitcoin/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spence M. (2012). The Next Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multispeed World. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spence M. (2012). The Next Convergence: The Future of Economic Growth in a Multispeed World. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tarde G. (1980). Les lois de L’imitation : étude sociologique. Paris : Félix Alcan.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarde G. (1980). Les lois de L’imitation : étude sociologique. Paris : Félix Alcan.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yuneline M.H. (2019). Analysis of cryptocurrency’s characteristics in four perspectives. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 206–219. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABES-12-2018-0107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuneline M.H. (2019). Analysis of cryptocurrency’s characteristics in four perspectives. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 206–219. https://doi.org/10.1108/JABES-12-2018-0107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
