voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2025-4-5-33voprecotest-5323Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИISSUES OF THEORYЭкономическая теория и экономическая историяEconomic theory and economic historyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-3999ДементьевВ. Е.DementievV. E.

Дементьев Виктор Евгеньевич, чл.-корр. РАН, д. э. н., проф., гл. н. с.

Москва

Victor E. Dementiev

Moscow

vedementev@rambler.ruЦентральный экономико-математический институт Российской академии наукРоссияCentral Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20250204202504533Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20252025Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5323

Рассматриваются взгляды Р. Солоу на отношения экономической теории и экономической истории. Своеобразие исторического опыта догоняющего и лидирующего развития позволяет говорить об ограниченности универсальных моделей экономического роста. С точки зрения адаптации финансовой системы к ситуации в технологической сфере заметные различия существуют и среди стран с инклюзивными институтами. Для научного статуса теории большое значение имеет фиксация границ ее применимости. Наблюдаемая цикличность в смене ведущих теоретических концепций связана с развитием технологий. Важным уроком экономической истории является немонотонность и нелинейность долговременного технологического развития. О необходимости учитывать технологические факторы многих значимых экономических явлений свидетельствует анализ причин Великой рецессии. Хотя новый неоклассический синтез успешно эволюционирует, его возможности воспроизводить исторический опыт эндогенного технологического развития пока невелики. Учет в экономической теории диапазона возможностей человеческого общества, о котором свидетельствует экономическая история, остается актуальным.

The article recalls how R. Solow wanted to see the relationship between economic theory and economic history. The uniqueness of the historical experience of catching up and leading development suggests the limitations of universal models of economic growth. In terms of adapting the financial system to the technological situation, there are noticeable differences among countries with inclusive institutions. For the scientific status of a theory, it is of great importance to fix the boundaries of its applicability. The observed cyclicity in the change of leading theoretical concepts has its own technological background. The non-monotonicity and non-linearity of long-term technological development is an important lesson of economic history. The experience of analyzing the causes of the Great Recession confirms the need to take into account technological factors of many significant economic phenomena. Although the new neoclassical synthesis is successfully evolving, its possibilities of reproducing the historical experience of endogenous technological development are still small. Taking into account in economic theory the range of possibilities of human society, as evidenced by economic history, remains on the agenda.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.