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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2013-4-4-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Абстракция — мать порядка? (историко-методологические рассуждения о связи экономической науки и экономической политики)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Abstraction as a Mother of Order?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Автономов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avtonomov</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.  э.  н., проф., членкорр. РАН, научный руководитель факультета экономики Национального исследовательского университета Высшая школа экономики (Москва)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vavtonomov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Высшая школа экономики (Москва)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow, Russia)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2013</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>04</month><year>2013</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2013</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2013</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/525">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/525</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается связь между предпосылками экономических теорий и рекомендациями в области экономической политики, которые из них вытекают. Выделено два канона экономической науки, различающиеся по степени абстракции, и на историческом материале исследуется гипотеза о том, что более абстрактный формальный канон связан с либеральной эко- номической политикой, а более конкретный — с активным вмешательством государства в экономику. Отдельно исследованы попытки синтезировать два канона (Маршалл, Шумпетер, Ойкен) и политические предпочтения их авторов. Большинство рассмотренных примеров подтверждает данную гипо- тезу, но обнаруживается и важное исключение: теория общего равновесия оказывается настолько абстрактна, что из нее возможны и противоположные политические выводы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article deals with the relation between assumptions of economic theories and their political implications. Two canons of economic science are being analyzed according to the degree of abstraction. A hypothesis is that the more abstract formal canon is connected with a liberal kind of economic policy whereas the more concrete canon presupposes an active state intervention in economic affairs. Several attempts at integrating both canons are studied separately (Marshall, Schumpeter, Eucken). Historic evidence is more or less consistent with the hypothesis stated above, but there happens to be one important exclusion: the general equilibrium theory is so abstract that it can imply opposite policies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономическая методология</kwd><kwd>экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>история экономической науки</kwd><kwd>классическая политическая экономия</kwd><kwd>историческая школа</kwd><kwd>маржиналистская революция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic methodology</kwd><kwd>economic policy</kwd><kwd>history of economics</kwd><kwd>classical political economy</kwd><kwd>historical school</kwd><kwd>marginalist revolution</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ананьин О. (2013). Экономические онтологии как объект и инструмент познания// Теоретическая экономика: онтология и этика / Под ред. О. 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