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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2025-2-91-125</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-5116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ МЫСЛИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC HISTORY AND HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Забытая классика: теория империализма Й. А. Шумпетера</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Forgotten classics: J. A. Schumpeter’s theory of imperialism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2312-2110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капелюшников</surname><given-names>Р. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapeliushnikov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Капелюшников Ростислав Исаакович, чл.корр. РАН, д.э.н., гл.н.с. ИМЭМО РАН; замдиректора Центра трудовых исследований НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rostis@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е. М. Примакова РАН ;  Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, RAS; HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>125</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5116">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/5116</self-uri><abstract><p>Работа посвящена анализу малоизвестного эссе классика экономической мысли XX в. Й. А. Шумпетера «Социология империализмов», где он предстает в качестве экономсоциолога, а не экономистатеоретика. Проблема империализма интересовала Шумпетера практически на всем протяжении его научной карьеры. Предложенная им теория была направлена против многочисленных марксистских трактовок, в которых империализм рассматривался как порождение позднего («монополистического») капитализма и которые он подверг развернутой критике. Империализм Шумпетер определял как лишенное рациональных целей стремление государства к безграничной насильственной экспансии, обнаруживая его примеры на протяжении всей истории от Древнего Египта до наших дней. В отличие от марксистских авторов в капитализме он видел антипод империализма, а не его источник. Ключевая идея Шумпетера состояла в том, что империализм представляет собой атавизм, который коренится в социальных структурах и психологических установках, унаследованных современным миром от докапиталистической эпохи. Согласно его прогнозу, в ходе дальнейшего развития капитализма эти реликты прошлого будут изжиты и вместе с ними исчезнет империализм. Многие идеи, высказанные Шумпетерем в его эссе, попрежнему представляют значительный интерес. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper analyses the littleknown essay of one of the classics of economic thought, J. A. Schumpeter (1883—1950), “The sociology of imperialisms,” where he appears not as an economic theorist, but as an economic sociologist. Schumpeter was interested in the problem of imperialism almost throughout his scientific career. His theory was polemically directed against various Marxist interpretations, in which imperialism was viewed as a product of late (“monopolistic”) capitalism and which he subjected to sharp criticism. Schumpeter defined imperialism as objectless disposition on the part of a state to unlimited forcible expansion, finding examples of it throughout history from Ancient Egypt to the present day. Unlike Marxist authors, he saw capitalism not as a source, but, on thecontrary, as an antipode of imperialism. His key idea was that imperialism was an atavism that is rooted in social structures and psychological attitudes inherited by the modern world from the precapitalist era. According to his forecast, in the course of the further capitalistic development, these relics of the past will be eliminated and imperialism will disappear along with them. Many ideas expressed by Schumpeter in his essay are still of considerable interest. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Шумпетер</kwd><kwd>империализм</kwd><kwd>социология</kwd><kwd>экономическая интерпретация истории</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Schumpeter</kwd><kwd>imperialism</kwd><kwd>sociology</kwd><kwd>economic interpretation of history</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арендт Х. (2020). Истоки тоталитаризма. М.: Скрипториум.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arendt H. (2020). The origins of totalitarianism. Moscow: Scriptorium. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гильфердинг P. (2022). Финансовый капитал: новейшая фаза в развитии капитализма. 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