voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2024-10-110-127voprecotest-4996Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫLABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICSВлияние искусственного интеллекта на креативные индустрии: страхи и опасения фрилансеровThe impact of artificial intelligence on creative industries: Freelancers’ anxieties and concernshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3234-5746СтребковД. О.StrebkovD. O.

Стребков Денис Олегович - к. с. н., с. н. с. лаборатории экономико-социологических исследований, доцент кафедры экономической социологии НИУ ВШЭ.

Москва

Denis O. Strebkov - PhD in Sociology, senior researcher at the Laboratory for Studies in Economic Sociology, associate professor at the School of Sociology.

Moscow

strebkov@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202404102024010110127Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20242024Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4996

Рассматриваются влияние быстрого развития технологий искусственного интеллекта (ИИ) на креативные индустрии и опасения работников этой сферы относительно возможного ухудшения условий их работы и вытеснения с рынка труда. Цель исследования — выявить степень обеспокоенности фрилансеров, занятых в интеллектуальных и творческих профессиях, по поводу конкуренции с ИИ и оценить их восприятие текущих возможностей ИИ в создании творческого контента. Эмпирической базой послужили данные проведенного весной 2024 г. онлайн-опроса 778 российских фрилансеров, получающих заказы через биржу удаленной работы Freelance.ru. Выяснилось, что многие респонденты уже активно используют ИИ в своей работе. Большинство фрилансеров отмечают высокие текущие возможности ИИ в создании текстов, изображений, переводе, более трети считают, что ИИ уже в ближайшие годы сможет выполнять их типичную работу столь же качественно или даже лучше, чем они сами. Менее других склонны испытывать опасения относительно своего будущего люди, которые обучались работе с ИИ, используют его для выполнения рабочих задач, удовлетворены своей работой и имеют высокий уровень дохода, то есть в целом имеют устойчивое положение на рынке труда. Несмотря на опасения части работников, развитие ИИ открывает новые возможности для креативных индустрий, однако требуется регулярный мониторинг ситуации для выработки мер по адаптации рынка труда.

The article examines the impact of the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on the creative industries and the concerns of workers in this field regarding the potential deterioration of their working conditions and displacement from the labor market. The aim of the study is to identify the degree of concern among freelancers engaged in intellectual and creative professions regarding competition with AI and to assess their perception of AI’s current capabilities in making creative content. The empirical basis was provided by online survey data of 778 Russian freelancers receiving jobs through the Freelance.ru digital platform, conducted in spring 2024. It was found that many respondents are already actively using AI in their work. The majority of freelancers note AI’s high current capabilities in creating texts, images, translation, and other areas, and more than a third believe that in the coming years AI will be able to do their typical work as well or even better than they do it themselves. Those who were least likely to experience concerns about their future were individuals who had been trained in AI, used it to perform job tasks, satisfied with their work, and had a high level of income, i.e., generally had a stable position in the labor market. Despite the concerns of some workers, the development of AI opens up new opportunities for the creative industries; however, regular monitoring of the situation is required to develop measures to adapt the labor market.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.