voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2024-4-111-126voprecotest-4785Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО СЕКТОРАPUBLIC ECONOMICSФискальные мультипликаторы и уровень доходного неравенства (на примере стран ОЭСР, России и Китая)Fiscal multipliers and income inequality (The case of OECD countries, Russia and China)https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-9900ДорофеевМ. Л.DorofeevM. L.

Дорофеев Михаил Львович - к. э. н., доцент кафедры общественных финансов Финуниверситета.

Москва

Mikhail L. Dorofeev

Moscow

dorofeevml@yandex.ruФинансовый университет при Правительстве Российской ФедерацииРоссияAuthor affiliation: Financial University under the Government of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20241004202404111126Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20242024Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4785

Оценивается влияние фискальных мультипликаторов на уровень доходного неравенства в 38 странах на основании данных за период 2007—2022 гг. с целью выявить причинно-следственные связи между потенциалом методов государственного финансового регулирования и показателями доходного неравенства в контексте достижения устойчивого экономического роста. Оцениваются фискальные мультипликаторы относительно показателя ВВП, полученные данные используются для объяснения уровня доходного неравенства по широкой выборке стран. По результатам исследования сделаны следующие выводы. Средний уровень неравенства по богатству оказывает прямое влияние на уровень посленалогового доходного неравенства, следовательно, для сокращения уровня доходного неравенства нужны меры регулирования других видов неравенства, в частности в распределении богатства. Эффективность государственной политики оказывает обратное влияние на уровень посленалогового доходного неравенства, поэтому высокая доля теневой экономики, неэффективные налоговое администрирование и перераспределительная функция государственных финансов обусловливают высокий уровень доходного неравенства. Бюджетные инструменты контроля и преодоления бедности, адресность и эффективность бюджетных расходов могут изменить уровень доходного неравенства.

This study assesses the impact of fiscal multipliers on the level of socioeconomic inequality in 38 countries based on data from the period 2007—2022 with the aim to explore causal relationships between the potential methods of public financial regulation and income indicators in the context of achieving sustainable economic growth. First the fiscal multipliers are estimated relative to GDP, then the obtained data is used to explain the level of income inequality across a broad range of countries. It is shown that the average level of wealth inequality directly influences the level of post-tax income inequality, therefore, addressing income inequality should not neglect other forms of inequality, parti cularly wealth distribution inequality; the effectiveness of fiscal policy has a reverse impact on the level of post-tax income inequality, indicating that a high share of the shadow economy, inefficient tax administration, and redistributive function of public finances contribute to high levels of income inequality . Budgetary instruments for poverty control, targeting, and the efficiency of budgetary expenditures can alter the level of income inequality.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.