voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2024-1-52-74voprecotest-4722Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫLABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICSВремя женщин: Нобелевская премия по экономике 2023 годаTime for women (Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences 2023)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0917-7438ЛукьяноваА. Л.LukyanovaA. L.

Лукьянова Анна Львовна, к. э. н., с. н. с. Центра трудовых исследований

Москва

Moscow

alukyanova@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет "Высшая школа экономики"РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202407012024015274Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20242024Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4722

Нобелевская премия по экономике 2023 г. была присуждена Клаудии Голдин за вклад в изучение положения женщин на рынке труда. В работах Голдин восстанавливаются исторические факты, касающиеся участия женщин в рабочей силе и гендерных различий в оплате труда, а также прослеживается эволюция причин гендерного неравенства на рынке труда. Ее методология сочетает тщательную работу с архивными материалами, неоклассический микроэкономический анализ, когортный подход и использование естественных экспериментов для идентификации причинно-следственных связей. Проанализированы исследования Голдин, посвященные связи между экономическим развитием и предложением труда женщин, профессиональной сегментации, образованию женщин, дискриминации, «штрафу» за материнство, гибкости рабочих мест. Особое внимание уделено релевантности выводов Голдин для понимания положения женщин на российском рынке труда.

The 2023 Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Claudia Goldin for her contribution to the study of women’s labor market outcomes. Goldin’s work establishes key historical facts regarding gender differences in the labor markets and provides insights into the driving forces of those gaps. Her methodology combines careful archival research, neoclassical microeconomic analysis, a cohort approach, and the use of natural experiments to identify causal relationships. This paper provides a survey of Goldin’s research on the relationship between economic development and the female labor supply, occupational segmentation, women’s educational attainment, discrimination, child penalty, and job flexibility. I also discuss how Goldin’s findings are relevant to understanding the gender gaps in Russia.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.