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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2024-6-120-132</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-4650</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О формировании государственной жилищной политики в России: исторический экскурс в суть вопроса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>On the formation of public housing policy in Russia: A retrospective review of the issue</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8566-9840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Надежда Викторовна, к. э. н., доцент Института демографии имени А. Г. Вишневского НИУ ВШЭ; доцент кафедры микроэкономики Института ЭМИТ РАНХиГС</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda V. Shilova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shilova-nv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7246-3114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Головин Андрей Владимирович, старший преподаватель кафедры «Архитектура и урбанистика» ПНИПУ</p><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Golovin</p><p>Perm</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">andrey.golovin@mlaplus.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University; Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Perm National Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>132</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4650">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4650</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлен ретроспективный обзор дискуссии о жилищной политике, касающейся концепций «доступности жилья» и «доступного жилья». Сама дискуссия достаточно широкая и включает вопросы формирования градостроительной политики с использованием таких инструментов, как влияние градостроительного зонирования и территориального планирования на развитие города, где рынок жилья — лишь одна из важных составляющих городской экономики. Однако важно, что, будучи лишь частью городской экономики, рынок жилья (или его отсутствие) имеет характеристики, которые напрямую обусловлены пространственным местоположением жилья, то есть связью его с землей. Поскольку жилье, находясь на земле и принадлежа земельным участкам, обладает рядом свойств, присущих земле как ресурсу (количество ее ограничено и невоспроизводимо, земля неперемещаема, фиксирована по местоположению), свободное обращение жилья на рынке ведет к увеличению его меновой стоимости и превращает в объект инвестиций. Это приводит к постоянному росту цен и к снижению доступности жилья, то есть эффект противоположен тому, на который рассчитывает регулятор. Формирование политики доступности жилья может опираться на исторический опыт как конкретных жилищных рынков, так и политэкономических исследований вопроса, и данная работа призвана напомнить об основных из них.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper provides a retrospective overview of the debate around the concepts of “affordable housing”, which is the basis for research on the impact of urban zoning and spatial planning on the housing market. The article discusses the main institutional mechanisms of “affordable housing”. It is noted that since housing, being located on land and belonging to land plots, has a number of properties inherent to land as a resource (its quantity is limited and irreproducible, land is non-movable, fixed by location), the free circulation of housing on the market leads to an increase in its exchange value and turns into an investment object. All this leads to a constant rise in prices and a decrease in the affordability of housing, that is, the opposite effect to what the regulator is counting on.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доступное жильё</kwd><kwd>жилищная система</kwd><kwd>рента</kwd><kwd>декоммодификация</kwd><kwd>регулирование застройки</kwd><kwd>общественное благо</kwd><kwd>ресурсы общего пользования</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>affordable housing</kwd><kwd>housing system</kwd><kwd>rent</kwd><kwd>decommodification</kwd><kwd>land use regulation</kwd><kwd>public good</kwd><kwd>common pool resources</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2022 году. В данной статье использованы результаты проекта ТЗ-258 «Состояние и направления совершенствования правового регулирования общественных отношений в сфере градостроительной деятельности в российских городах», выполненного в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2022 году.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабичев К. Н. (2015). Генезис теорий городской жилищной политики // Контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право. Т. 8, № 2. С. 60—69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babichev K. N. (2015). Genesis of the theories of urban housing policy. Outlines of Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, Law, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 60—69. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонова О. Э. (1993). 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