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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2024-1-75-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-4616</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антиалкогольная политика России в последнем десятилетии: движение вспять</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Alcohol policy in Russia in the last decade: A movement backwards</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6556-6986</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосницына</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosnitsyna</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колосницына Марина Григорьевна, к. э. н., доцент, проф. Департамента прикладной экономики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mkolosnitsyna@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4616">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4616</self-uri><abstract><p>С середины 2000-х годов в России активизировалась государственная политика борьбы с избыточным потреблением алкоголя. В частности, был введен минимальный порог цены на водку, существенно повышались акцизные налоги на спирт в составе алкогольных напитков, установлен обязательный запрет на розничную торговлю в ночные часы. В исследованиях, выполненных на российских микроданных, подтверждена эффективность этих мер. С 2007 по 2017 г. потребление алкоголя российским населениемдействительно последовательно снижалось, что рассматривалось как успех государственной политики. Однако в последнее время официальная статистика отмечает ежегодный рост потребления алкогольных напитков: с 7,2 л чистого спирта в расчете на душу взрослого населения в 2017 г. до 7,7 л в 2021 г. Почему антиалкогольная политика, дизайн которой изначально полностью соответствовал лучшим международным практикам, не снижает потребление в последние годы? На основе данных Росстата, федерального и регионального законодательства проанализирована практика применения ценовых и ограничительных мер за последние десять лет. Рассчитаны акцизы и минимальные цены водки в реальном выражении, а также индексы соотношения цен алкогольных напитков и средней заработной платы. Показано, что реальные акцизы и цены на спиртные напитки снижались после 2014 г., делая их более доступными для потребителей. После 2017 г. не увеличивается число субъектов РФ, применяющих более жесткие временные ограничения торговли спиртным по сравнению с нормой федерального закона. Сегодня почти половина населения страны живет в регионах с максимально мягкими временными запретами, не ограничивающими физическую доступность спиртного. Сделан вывод о непоследовательности антиалкогольной политики в России. Формальное применение ценовых и ограничительных мер в последнем десятилетии не препятствовало росту потребления алкоголя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Since the mid-nineties of this century, Russia has intensified its state policy of combating excessive alcohol consumption. In particular, a minimum price threshold for vodka was introduced, excise taxes on alcohol in alcoholic beverages were substantially increased, and a mandatory ban on nighttime retail sales was introduced. A number of studies using Russian microdata have confirmed the effectiveness of these measures. From 2007 to 2017, the dynamics of alcohol consumption by the Russian population did show a consistent decline. Many researchers, both Russian and foreign, considered this trend as a success of government policy. Recently, however, official statistics have noted an annual increase in the consumption of alcoholic beverages: from 7.2 liters of pure alcohol per capita adult population in 2017 to 7.7 in 2021. Why has the alcohol policy, designed initially in line with international best practices, not reduced consumption in recent years? This article analyzes the practice of applying price and restrictive measures for the last 10 years on the basis of Rosstat data, federal and regional legislation. Excise duties and minimum vodka prices in real terms are calculated, as well as indices of the ratio of alcoholic beverage prices and average wages. The real excise taxes and prices for alcoholic beverages decreased after 2014, making them more affordable for consumers. After 2017, there is no increase in the number of Russian territories applying stricter temporary restrictions on alcohol trade compared to the norm of the federal law. Today, almost half of the country’s population lives in regions with the mildest possible time limits on alcohol sales that do not constrain its physical availability. We have to admit that the alcohol policy is inconsistent. The formal application of price and restrictive measures in the last decade has not prevented the growth of alcohol consumption.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкоголь</kwd><kwd>антиалкогольная политика</kwd><kwd>акцизный налог</kwd><kwd>минимальная цена водки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol</kwd><kwd>alcohol policy</kwd><kwd>excise tax</kwd><kwd>minimum price of vodka</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено в рамках проекта Центра фундаментальных исследований НИУ «Высшая школа экономики»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this study was supported by an unrestricted grant for academic research from the Programme for Basic Research of the National Research University Higher School of Economics. 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