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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2012-7-82-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Математический формализм и политэкономическое содержание</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mathematical Formalism and Political-Economic Content</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фоули</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Foley</surname><given-names>D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>профессор Новой школы социальных исследований (Нью-Йорк, США)</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">foleyd@newschool.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Новая школа социальных&#13;
исследований (Нью-Йорк, США)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>New School for Social Research (New York, USA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2012</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2012</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2012</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2012</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/461">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/461</self-uri><abstract><p>Математические методы представляют собой лишь один момент в последовательном процессе создания теории, который начинается с видения, описанного Й. Шумпетером, продолжается выбором необходимых абстракций, развитием математических и количественных моделей и проверкой теории на эмпирических данных с использованием статистических методов. Однако в современной политической экономии абстрактные проблемы формулируются таким образом, чтобы их можно было анализировать имеющимися в наличии математическими инструментами. Роль эмпирических исследований в ограничении теоретических размышлений, на которой основывается единство научной традиции, оказалась подорванной специфическими ограничениями зарождавшихся эконометрических методов и узурпирована методологическим произволом теоретиков. Эти тенденции привели к систематическому предпочтению определенных идеологических установок в экономической науке. Новое политэкономическое мышление должно начинаться с видения капиталистической экономики как сложной, адаптивной системы, далекой от равновесия, и включать развитие теории статистических колебаний в экономических взаимодействиях, переход макроэкономики и финансовой экономики от предсказания траекторий экономических переменных к пониманию качественных свойств системы, введение конструктивных и численных методов в экономическое моделирование и критическую реконструкцию эконометрических статистических методов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mathematical methods are only one moment in a layered process of theory generation in political economy, which starts from Schumpeterian vision, progresses to the identification of relevant abstractions, the development of mathematical and quantitative models, and the confrontation of theories with empirical data through statistical methods. But today the relevant abstract problems of political economy are modified to fit available mathematical tools. The role of empirical research in disciplining theoretical speculation, on which the scientific traditions integrity rests, was undermined by specific limitations of nascent econometric methods, and usurped by ex cathedra methodological fiats of theorists. These developmentssystematically favored certain ideological predispositions of economicsas a discipline. There is abundant room for New Thinking in political economy starting from the vision of the capitalist economy as a complex, adaptive system far from equilibrium, including the development of the theory of statistical fluctuations for economic interactions, redirection of macroeconomics and financial economics from path prediction toward an understanding of the qualitative properties of the system, introduction of constructive and computable methods into economic modeling, and the critical reconstruction of econometric statistical methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>математические методы</kwd><kwd>методология экономической науки</kwd><kwd>формализм</kwd><kwd>модели</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mathematical methods</kwd><kwd>economic methodology</kwd><kwd>formalism</kwd><kwd>models</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cooper R., John A. 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