voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2023-7-50-80voprecotest-4479Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИISSUES OF THEORYЧеловек в меняющемся мире: как координировать индивидуальные планы?Man in a changing world: How to coordinate individual plans?https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-069XШаститкоА. Е.ShastitkoA. E.

Шаститко Андрей Евгеньевич – доктор экономических наук, профессор, завкафедрой конкурентной и промышленной политики  экономического факультета МГУ; директор  Центра  исследований конкуренции и экономического регулирования  РАНХиГС.

Москва

Andrey  E. Shastitko.

Moscow

aes99@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2155-9837ФедоровС. И.FedorovS. I.

Федоров Сергей Игоревич - аспирант, ассистент кафедры конкурентной и промышленной политики  экономического факультета МГУ.

Москва

Sergei I. Fedorov.

Moscow

fedoroffsi@yandex.ruМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public AdministrationRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202310072023075080Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20232023Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4479

В 2022 г. политика  внесла  значительные коррективы в индивидуальные хозяйственные планы  сотен миллионов людей  по всему миру. На  этом фоне  снова набирает  популярность идея отраслевого государственного регулирования в  качестве  средства  преодоления возникших шоков. Однако насколько эффективен такой механизм  координации усилий  для  адаптации к изменениям? Проанализированы две модели  человека: предпринимателя неоавстрийской исследовательской традиции  и ограниченно рационального человека  в теории трансакционных издержек. По итогам анализа реконструирован процесс адаптации рынка  (или отрасли) к шоку с помощью формализованной  модели на базе теории игр. Модель  позволяет продемонстрировать две ключевые  информационные проблемы  адаптации к изменениям: ограниченную  рациональность индивидов  и их неоднородность с точки  зрения «предпринимательской бдительности». Для отраслевой политики  это означает целесообразность постоянного  сравнения выгод и издержек от регуляторного вмешательства в шоковый  период с учетом преимущества предпринимателей перед  регулятором в сборе и использовании рассеянного знания.

In 2022 political issues made significant adjustments to individual economic plans of hundreds of millions of people around the  world. Against this background, the idea  of  industrial regulation is gaining popularity again  as  a  means  to overcome the  shocks that have arisen. However, how effective is such a mechanism for coordinating efforts to adapt to changes? In our article, we propose  to look at the  problem through the  analysis  of two models  of man:  the  entrepreneur in Austrian economics  and  the  limited rational person  in the  transaction costs economics. Based  on the  results of the  analysis  we reconstruct the  process  of adapting the  market  (or industry) to the shock  using  a formalized model  of the  game  theory. The model  allows  us to demonstrate two key informational problems of adaptation to changes:  individuals’ limited rationality and  their heterogeneity in terms of “entrepreneurial alertness”. For  industrial policy, this means  the  expediency of comparing the  regulatory intervention’s benefits and costs during the  shock period, taking into account the  entrepreneurs’ advantage over the  regulator in the  collection and  use of dispersed knowledge.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.