voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2023-11-65-80voprecotest-4443Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫLABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICSИскусственный интеллект и спрос на навыки работников в РоссииArtificial intelligence and the demand for skills in Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2354-0109ТерниковА. А.TernikovA. A.

Терников Андрей Александрович, ст. преподаватель департамента менеджмента

Санкт-Петербург

St. Petersburg

aternikov@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation2023081120230116580Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20232023Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4443

Проблематика цифровой трансформации рынка труда широко обсуждается в научных исследованиях. В контексте быстрого распространения современных информационных технологий, в частности искусственного интеллекта (ИИ), многие компании неизбежно сталкиваются с трудностями при найме высококвалифицированных кадров. При этом в литературе нет однозначного понимания, какими темпами происходит внедрение ИИ среди различных профессий, а также какие в действительности знания, умения и навыки востребованы работодателями. В данном исследовании анализируются спрос на навыки работников и предлагаемые работодателями зарплаты среди компаний, отраслей и профессий. Основное внимание уделено навыкам ИИ, адаптированы и расширены возможности применения общепринятой эмпирической методологии к российскому рынку труда. Использованы данные компаний и онлайн-вакансийза период с 2007 по 2020 г. и проведен эконометрический анализ спроса на навыки. Показаны стремительный рост спроса на навыки ИИ в России и значительные премии к заработной плате за них. В сочетании с другими навыками эффект от навыков ИИ может исчезнуть. В контексте российского рынка труда спрос на нетехнические навыки в вакансиях, связанных с ИИ, не ведет к предложению более высокой заработной платы работодателями

The problem of digital transformation of the labor market is widely discussed in the current scientific literature. In the context of the rapid spread of modern information technologies, in particular artificial intelligence (AI), many companies inevitably face difficulties in hiring highly qualified personnel. At the same time, research still lacks a clear understanding of the pace of AI adoption in different occupations, as well as what knowledge, skills, and abilities are actually in demand by employers. This study analyzes the demand for worker skills and the salaries offered by employers within firms, industries, and occupations. By focusing on AI skills, this paper adapts and extends the application of mainstream empirical methodology to the understudied context of the Russian labor market. The study uses data from firms and online job advertisements for the period from 2007 to 2020, and conducts econometric analysis to estimate the demand for skills. The results of the study show a rapid growth in the demand for AI skills in Russia, which is associated with significant wage premiums for these skills. However, when combined with other skills, the effect of AI skills can be negated. For example, the results suggest that basic and advanced computer skills are negatively complementary in terms of demand, which may lead to lower wages. Moreover, in the context of the Russian labor market, the demand for nontechnical skills in AI-related jobs is not associated with offering higher wages

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.