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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2018-7-5-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-439</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕНДЕНЦИИ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMIC TRENDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Межстрановое неравенство: динамика и проблема стадий развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьев</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryev</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. э. н., ординарный профессор, научный руководитель Департамента мировой экономики НИУ ВШЭ,</p><p>главный советник руководителя Аналитического центра при Правительстве РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lgrigor1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлюшина</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlyushina</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>стажер-исследователь Банковского института НИУ ВШЭ,</p><p>замначальника управления научно-исследовательских работ Аналитического центра при Правительстве РФ</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pa_victoria@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (Москва), Аналитический центр при Правительстве РФ (Москва)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics (Moscow), Analytical Center for the Government of RF (Moscow)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/439">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/439</self-uri><abstract><p>В течение длительного времени экономисты и статистики изучают феномен экономического роста в различных аспектах. Большая часть экономической теории и прикладных работ посвящена анализу факторов роста в традиции моделей Р. Солоу, Р. Барро, У. Истерли и др. Но в последние четверть века институционалисты — Д. Норт, Д. Уоллис и Б. Вайнгаст, Д. Аджемоглу, Дж. Робинсон и др. — показали сложности проблемы развития со стороны социально-экономических и политических институтов. В результате не просто ответить на вопрос, как экономический рост влияет на неравенство между странами. Современный мир чрезвычайно разнообразен по уровню развития, и в данной статье предлагается новый подход к формированию представления о стилизованных фактах с помощью кластерного анализа. Существующая статистика позволяет на единой основе оценить уровень ВВП на душу населения по ППС в 174 странах за 1992—2016 гг. В статье представлена структурированная картина мира — распределение стран по семи кластерам, различавшимся по уровню развития в 1992 г., и их последующая динамика. За рассматриваемый период ВВП на душу населения по ППС в середине распределения значительно вырос, заметно сократилась абсолютная бедность во многих странах и в мире в целом. В то же время увеличился разрыв не только между богатыми и бедными группами стран, но и между кластерами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неравенство</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>постиндустриальное развитие</kwd><kwd>кластеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>inequality</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>post-industrial development</kwd><kwd>clusters</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аджемоглу Д., Робинсон Дж. (2015). Почему одни страны богатые, а другие бедные. М.: Акт.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Acemoglu D., Robinson J. (2015). Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. Moscow: Akt. (In Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреева А. 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