voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2023-2-43-60voprecotest-4115Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО СЕКТОРАPUBLIC ECONOMICSВлияние экономического кризиса, вызванного пандемией COVID-19, и антикризисных мер на распределение доходов в РоссииThe distributional impacts of the COVID-19 crisis and policy response in RussiaФрейхеС.FreijeS.

Сэмуэль Фрейхе, PhD, ведущий экономист Глобальной практики бедности и равенства 

Вашингтон

Wadhington

sfreijerodriguez@worldbank.orgМатыцинМ. С.MatytsinM. S.

Матыцин Михаил Сергеевич, PhD, экономист Глобальной практики бедности и равенства

Вашингтон

Wadhington

mmatytsin@worldbank.orghttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-0551ПоповаД. О.PopovaD. O.

Попова Дарья Олеговна, PhD, с. н. с. Института социальных и экономических исследований; в. н. с. Института социальной политики 

Колчестер

Москва

Colchester

Moscow

dpopova@essex.ac.ukВсемирный БанкСоединённые Штаты АмерикиThe World BankUnited StatesУниверситет Эссекса; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»ВеликобританияUniversity of Essex; HSE UniversityUnited Kingdom202301022023024360Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20232023Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4115

Пандемия COVID-19 оказала серьезное негативное влияние на экономическое положение домашних хозяйств и бизнеса в России. Для смягчения негативных последствий пандемии в марте—июне 2020 г. правительством РФ был реализован ряд мер фискальной и социальной политики, направленных на поддержку бизнеса, занятости и доходов уязвимых групп населения. Представлены результаты оценки воздействия кризиса и антикризисных мер на распределение доходов и бедность в 2020 г. Для анализа использована микроимитационная модель налогово-бюджетной политики для России, которая позволяет оценивать перераспределительные эффекты прямых и кос- венных налогов и социальных трансфертов на федеральном и региональном уровнях. Исследование показало, что суммарный эффект кризиса и антикризисных мер оказался более позитивным для домохозяйств в нижней части распределения доходов и привел к сокращению регионального неравенства. 

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had severe negative economic impacts on households and businesses in Russia. Russia’s GDP declined by 2,7% in 2020. To mitigate the adverse impacts of the pandemic, in March—June 2020 the govern- ment implemented a number of fiscal and social policy measures aimed at support- ing businesses, employment and incomes of vulnerable groups of the population. This paper presents the results of the impact assessment of the COVID-19 crisis and the related policy interventions on the income distribution and poverty in Russia in 2020. The analysis is based on the tax-benefit microsimulation model for Russia, which allows for assessing the redistributive effects of direct and indirect taxes and transfers in Russia at the federal and regional levels. We find that the net effect of the crisis and policy interventions was strongly progressive at the bottom of the income distribution and equalizing across regions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.