voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2022-8-95-117voprecotest-4091Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫLABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICSВлияние численности занятых на заработную плату и цены на жилье в российских регионахImpact of the number of employees on wages and housing prices in Russian regionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8612-5327ГильтманМ. А.GiltmanM. A.

Гильтман Марина Андреевна, к. э. н., проф. кафедры экономики и финансов, заведующая научно-учебной лаборатории исследований рынка труда 

Тюмень

Marina A. Giltman

Tyumen

giltman@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7433-6621АнтосикЛ. В.AntosikL.  V.

Антосик Любовь Валерьевна, к. э. н., с. н. с. научно-учебной лаборатории исследований рынка труда

Тюмень

Lyubov V. Antosik

Tyumen

l.v.antosik@utmn.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3255-9880ВарламоваЮ. А.VarlamovaJ. A.

Варламова Юлия Андреевна, к. э. н., доцент кафедры экономической теории и эконометрики

Казань

Julia A. Varlamova

KazanKazan

jillmc@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-6717ЛарионоваН. И.LarionovaN. I.

Ларионова Наталия Ивановна, к. э. н., доцент кафедры экономической теории и эконометрики

Казань

Natalia I. Larionova

Kazan

natasha-lari@mail.ruТюменский государственный университетРоссияUniversity of TyumenRussian FederationКазанский (Приволжский) федеральный университетРоссияKazan Federal UniversityRussian Federation2022040820220895—117Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20222022Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4091

Исследуется влияние численности занятых на заработную плату и цены на жилье в российских регионах. Согласно модели локальных рынков труда, более высокая номинальная заработная плата в конкретном регионе может привлекать работников из других регионов. Из-за ограниченности предложения жилья рост численности занятых на определенной территории приводит к росту спроса и повышению цен на жилье, поэтому работники могут проигрывать в терминах реальной заработной платы. В работе исследуется, влияет ли изменение численности занятых в регионе на заработную плату и цены жилья в субъектах РФ. Оценки проводились на агрегированных региональных данных Росстата с использованием панельных моделей с фиксированными эффектами, а также с добавлением пространственных эффектов. Исследование показало, что как между региональными рынками труда, так и между локальными рынками жилья существуют пространственные зависимости. Изменение численности занятых в регионе значимо положительно влияет на цены жилья и значимо отрицательно — на реальную заработную плату. По значимости и направлению влияния все оцененные модели схожи между собой. Результаты анализа могут быть использованы для проведения социальной, региональной и миграционной политики.

The article examines the impact of changes in the number of employees on wages and housing prices in Russian regions. According to the local labor market model higher nominal wages in a particular region can attract workers from other regions. Due to the limited supply of housing an increase in the number of people employed in a certain area leads to an increase in demand for housing and an increase in prices for it, which can cause workers to lose in terms of real wages. In the presented work we tried to answer the question of whether the change in the number of employees in the region affects wages and housing prices in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The estimates were carried out on aggregated regional Rosstat data using panel models with fixed and spatial effects (SEM and SAR models). The study showed that there are spatial correlations both between regional labor markets and between local housing markets. Changes in the number of employees in the region make a significant positive impact on housing prices and a significant negative impact on real wages. In terms of significance and direction of impact all the evaluated models are similar to each other. The results of the analysis can be used to carry out social, regional and migration policies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.