voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2023-4-67-84voprecotest-4062Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ОТРАСЛЕВЫХ РЫНКОВINDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONВлияние государственной поддержки на сельскохозяйственных производителей и потребителей в РоссииImpact of state support on Russian agricultural producers and consumershttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8078-5984ШикО. В.ShikO. V.

Шик Ольга Валерьевна, кандидат экономических наук, эксперт Института аграрных исследований 

Москва

 

Institute for Agrarian Studies

Moscow

shikolga@gmail.comНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202305042023046784Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20232023Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/4062

Государственная поддержка аграрного сектора важна для развития сельского хозяйства, обеспечения продовольственной безопасности и устойчивости развития страны. В статье на основе методологии PSE/CSE, разработанной ОЭСР, рассматривается влияние поддержки российского аграрного сектора в 2021 г. на благосостояние участников аграрных рынков — сельхозпроизводителей и потребителей, а также на аграрный сектор в целом. Представлены оценки общего уровня поддержки, отдельно рассматривается поддержка производителей за счет трансфертов из бюджета и от потребителей. Оценены влияние аграрной политики на потребителей, поддержка общих услуг, а также малых сельхозпроизводителей. Рассмотрены особенности применения методологии PSE/CSE и интерпретации коэффициентов в условиях неразвитости рыночной инфраструктуры и регионализации трансфертов. Политика сдерживания внутренних цен на зерновые привела к положительным трансфертам их потребителям, а потребители большинства животноводческих продуктов платили за них больше, чем в отсутствие господдержки. На основе проведенного анализа сформулированы рекомендации по повышению эффективности трансфертов, возникающих в экономике в результате аграрной политики.

State support plays an important role in the development of the agricultural sector, ensuring food security and sustainability. In this article the PSE/ CSE methodology, developed by OECD, is applied to analyzing the impact of support to Russian agriculture in 2021 on the welfare of all market participants: agricultural producers, consumers and the agricultural sector as a whole. We present the results of the estimation of the total level of support to agriculture and, in particular, to agricultural producers, provided at the expense of consumers and financed from budget transfers as well as the impact of agricultural policy on consumers. The level of state support to general services for the sector and to small-scale agricultural producers is also investigated. The interpretation of the PSE/CSE indicators in the situation of underdeveloped market infrastructure and regionalization of budget transfers is discussed. Policies aimed at moderating the price hikes for grains resulted in positive transfers to consumers of those commodities, while consumers of the majority of livestock commodities paid more than in the case of absence of support to agricultural producers. Based on this analysis recommendations are suggested for increasing efficiency of the agricultural policy transfers.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.