voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2018-3-130-152voprecotest-389Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ПРЕСТУПНОСТИECONOMICS OF CRIMEВнешние эффекты потребления алкоголя: влияние мер антиалкогольной политики на преступностьAlcohol consumption externalities: An impact of alcohol policies on crime ratesКолосницынаМ. Г.KolosnitsynaM. G.

к. э. н., проф. департамента прикладной экономики

mkolosnitsyna@hse.ruХоркинаН. А.KhorkinaN. A.

к.  пед.  н., доцент департамента прикладной экономики

noemail@neicon.ruВолковА. Ю.VolkovA. Yu.

аспирант, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (Москва)

noemail@neicon.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation20182003201803130152Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20182018Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/389

Алкоголь в экономической науке традиционно относят к аддиктивным благам, потребление которых связано как с возможной нерациональностью потребителей, так и с отрицательными внешними эффектами - ростом преступности, числа дорожно-транспортных происшествий, пожаров, аварий на производстве, несчастных случаев в быту. Поэтому в большинстве стран, для которых характерен высокий уровень потребления спиртных напитков, принимают специальные меры с целью сократить потребление алкоголя. В последнее десятилетие такие меры активно внедряются и в России. В их числе - ценовые и временны е ограничения. В работе проводится эмпирический анализ влияния этих мер на показатели преступности. Результаты показывают эффективность временны х ограничений торговли спиртными напитками в отношении подростковой и взрослой преступности. Рост цен на водку, связанный с повышением акцизных налогов, сокращает число преступлений, совершенных подростками, однако пока не оказывает значимого влияния на преступность взрослых людей.

Alcohol is traditionally considered by economists as an addictive good. Its consumption is often connected to irrational behaviours as well as negative external effects: growth of crime rates, traffic, occupational, and home accidents, fires. That is why most countries with high levels of alcohol consumption introduce special policy measures to reduce it and, as a result, its negative impact on society. In recent decade these policies were also adopted in Russia. This paper analyzes an impact of alcohol policy measures on crime rates. Empirical study is based on econometric analysis of panel data on Russian regions in 2003-2015. The results confirm effectiveness of temporal restrictions on alcohol sales in regard to juvenile and adult crime. Increasing price of vodka due to higher rates of excise tax reduces a number of crimes by teenagers. Meanwhile, price measures do not influence crime rates among adults.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.