voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2022-3-52-76voprecotest-3664Research ArticleМИКРОЭКОНОМИКАMICROECONOMICSФорсайт как инструмент формирования и управления экосистемой компанииForesight as a tool for creating and managing a company’s ecosystemhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2998-8505ЧулокА. А.ChulokA. A.

Чулок Александр Александрович, к. э. н., директор Центра научно-технологического прогнозирования Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний

Москва

Alexander A. Chulok

Moscow

achulok@hse.ruНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian Federation202210032022035276Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20222022Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3664

На протяжении последних 30 лет компания и ее окружение были объектом оживленной академической дискуссии крупных мировых школ: концепции национальных инновационных систем, изучающей возникновение, развитие и распространение инноваций; исследований цепочки создания добавленной стоимости; институциональной теории; экосистемного подхода; стратегического менеджмента, прогнозирования и планирования; форсайта для оценки текущих корпоративных процессов и будущих трансформаций. Исследовательский ландшафт сильно фрагментирован и характеризуется наличием нескольких обширных лакун, связанных с комплексным подходом к изучению компании с учетом действия глобальных трендов, стимулов и паттернов поведения ее ключевых стейкхолдеров. Представлены результаты исследования, объединяющего различные теоретические подходы на платформе форсайта: предложена двухконтурная интегральная экосистемная модель, учитывающая влияние глобальных трендов на внутренних и внешних стейкхолдеров компании, в том числе на базе эмпирического опроса более чем 260 российских компаний в 2021 г. Изложен набор практических рекомендаций по использованию современных инструментов форсайта для формирования, управления и трансформации экосистемы компании, сделан прогноз возможных направлений развития предложенной модели на ближайшие десять лет.

Over the past thirty years, the company and its environment have been the subject of lively academic discussion by several major global schools: the study of national innovation systems, and of the emergence, development and diffusion of innovation; research that analyzes value chains; institutional theory; ecosystem approach; strategic management; forecasting; planning; and foresight to assess current corporate processes and future transformations. The research landscape is still highly fragmented and characterized by several extensive gaps related to an integrated approach to the study of the company, taking into account the global trends, incentives and patterns of behavior of the key stakeholders. The paper presents the results of the research uniting different theoretical approaches on the platform of foresight: a two-loop integral ecosystem model is proposed which takes into account the influence of global trends on internal and external stakeholders of a company, including the empirical survey of more than 260 Russian companies in 2021. A set of practical recommendations for using modern foresight instruments to form, manage and transform the company ecosystem is given. A forecast of possible directions of development is made.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.