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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2023-4-29-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-3612</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАКРОЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACROECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Таргетирование средней инфляции в условиях адаптивного обучения частных агентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Average inflation targeting when agents are learning</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авакян</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avakyan</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авакян Армен Ромович, стажер-исследователь Международной лаборатории макроэкономического анализа </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armen R. Avakyan</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aavakyan@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-9620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>Olga S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Ольга Сергеевна, PhD, старший научный сотрудник Международной лаборатории макроэкономического анализа</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Kuznetsova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okuznetsova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3612">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3612</self-uri><abstract><p>Центральные банки многих стран рассматривают возможность модернизации денежно-кредитной политики. Один из вариантов — таргетирование средней инфляции. В условиях рациональных ожиданий эта политика приводит к ощутимому росту общественного благосостояния. В данной работе сделан вывод, что при адаптивности в ожиданиях и наличии шоков предложения такая политика приведет к снижению благосостояния. В частности, для случая адаптивного обучения показано, что попытки центрального банка стабилизировать среднюю инфляцию приводят к излишне сильной реакции выпуска на шоки предложения и, как следствие, к высокой волатильности выпуска. Более того, даже если центральный банк включит среднюю инфляцию в свою функцию потерь, ему все также будет не оптимально чередовать периоды низкой и высокой инфляции. Таким образом, внедрение политики таргетирования средней инфляции представляется нецелесообразным. Рассмотрен случай отсутствия границы нулевой ставки, что позволяет сформулировать выводы, актуальные для развивающихся и развитых стран, которые столкнулись с продолжительным ускорением инфляции в последние годы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Many central banks consider the change of the approach to the monetary policy. One of the options is average inflation targeting. Under rational expectations this policy leads to a tangible increase in social welfare. In this paper, we demonstrate that in the case of adaptive expectations, on the contrary, it is more likely to lead to a decrease in welfare. In particular, considering the case of adaptive learning, we show that attempts by the central bank to stabilize average inflation lead to unnecessarily high output volatility. Moreover, even if the central bank includes average inflation in its loss function, it still would not optimally alternate periods of low and high inflation. Thus, the implementation of average inflation targeting seems to be inappropriate. We consider the case of the absence of zero lower bound, which allows us to formulate conclusions that are relevant for developing and developed countries which have experienced a prolonged acceleration of inflation in recent years.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>денежно-кредитная политика</kwd><kwd>инфляционные ожидания</kwd><kwd>инфляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>monetary policy</kwd><kwd>expectations</kwd><kwd>inflation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2021 г.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amano R., Gnocchi S., Leduc S., Wagner J. (2020). 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