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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2021-10-51-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-3469</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИНАНСОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FINANCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зависимость между уровнем развития страны и влиянием структуры банковского кредитования на экономический рост</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The impact of a country’s level of development on the nexus between bank lending structure and economic growth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-9101</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуров</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurov</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуров Илья Николаевич - кандидат экономических наук, CFA, доцент экономического факультета МГУ.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya N. Gurov</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ingurov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3614-8317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>E. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликова Елена Юрьевна - магистр экономики, бизнес-аналитик Московского филиала Align Technology Research and Development.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Y. KulikovaMoscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulikove.msu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский филиал Align Technology Research and Development</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Align Technology Research and Development</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3469">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3469</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель данной работы — определить, как различается характер влияния структуры банковского кредитования на темпы экономического роста в зависимости от уровня развития страны. Сформулированы рекомендации, в какой мере следует опираться на опережающее банковское кредитование компаний реального сектора и домохозяйств для обеспечения экономического роста. Исследование проведено на основе панельных данных по 211 странам за период 1990—2019 гг. с использованием методов качественного и количественного анализа. Были выделены три группы стран, в которых наблюдается различный характер влияния структуры банковского кредитования на рост выпуска. В наименее развитых и наиболее бедных странах на рост экономики положительно влияет опережающая динамика и потребительского кредитования, и кредитования компаний реального сектора. По мере достижения ВВП на душу населения 4700—7000 долл. США в ценах 2010 г. опережающее потребительское кредитование начинает негативно влиять на рост экономики, а положительное влияние кредитования компаний реального сектора сохраняется. С дальнейшим увеличением ВВП на душу населения кредитование последних также начинает негативно влиять на рост экономики, при этом границы порогового значения ВВП на душу населения составляют 6—42 тыс. долл. в ценах 2010 г. Дальнейшие оценки позволяют уточнить эти границы до 13—22 тыс. долл. В зависимости от модели финансового сектора и структуры национальной экономики роль банковского сектора в финансировании инвестиций может различаться. Тем не менее в наиболее развитых и богатых странах опережающее кредитование компаний реального сектора негативно сказывается на росте экономики. Выявлено, что доля ипотечных кредитов в ВВП, как правило, незначимо влияет на темпы экономического роста во всех группах стран.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The purpose of this paper is to determine how the impact of the bank lending structure on economic growth differs depending on the level of a country’s development. The article provides suggestions on how much one can rely on the leading growth of corporate and consumer bank lending in order to promote economic growth. The study is based on the panel data for 211 countries for the period 1990—2019 using methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis. The authors have identified three groups of the countries where the impact of the bank lending structure on economic growth is different. In the least developed and low-income countries, the leading growth of both consumer and corporate lending has a positive impact on economic growth. As GDP per capita reaches 4,700—7,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars, the outstripping growth of consumer lending begins to negatively affect economic growth, while corporate lending continues to have a positive impact. As GDP per capita continues to increase, corporate lending also begins to negatively affect economic growth. The GDP per capita threshold level, after which the negative impact of corporate lending begins, ranges from 6,000 to 42,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars, some estimates allow us to specify these limits from 13,000 to 22,000 constant 2010 U.S. dollars. Such broad boundaries are determined by the fact that the role of the banking sector in investments financing may differ because of the financial sector model and the national economy structure. However, our results show that in the most developed and high-income countries, faster growth in corporate lending will not contribute to economic growth. The study also finds that the share of mortgage loans in GDP has a positive but insignificant effect on economic growth in all groups of the countries.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>финансы</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>кредиты</kwd><kwd>банковская система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>finance-growth nexus</kwd><kwd>credit</kwd><kwd>banking system</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность М. Е. Дорошенко, Н. Л. Шагас, Е. А. Тумановой, Ф. С. Картаеву и В. И. Байбакову за рекомендации и советы, которые позволили улучшить качество исследования</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилов Ю. А. (2019). Современное состояние глобальной научной дискуссии в области финансового развития // Вопросы экономики. № 3. 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