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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2021-7-123-141</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-3325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ОТРАСЛЕВЫХ РЫНКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Производительность и кредитование в период пандемии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Productivity and lending during the pandemic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1758-9010</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бессонова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bessonova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бессонова Евгения Владимировна, кандидат экономических наук, консультант отдела отраслевого и регионального анализа Департамента исследований и прогнозирования</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eugenia V. Bessonova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bessonovaev@mail.cbr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0417-357X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Светлана Валерьевна, главный экономист отдела отраслевого и регионального анализа Департамента исследований и прогнозирования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Popova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popovasv@mail.cbr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0099-8715</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турдыева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turdyeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турдыева Наталья Александровна, начальник отдела отраслевого и регионального анализа Департамента исследований и прогнозирования </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Turdyeva</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turdyevana@mail.cbr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7055-1076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цветкова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsvetkova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Цветкова Анна Николаевна, главный экономист отдела отраслевого и регионального анализа Департамента исследований и прогнозирования</p><p> Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna N. Tsvetkova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsvetkovaan@mail.cbr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Банк России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bank of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>123</fpage><lpage>141</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3325">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3325</self-uri><abstract><p>Доступность кредитования для высокопроизводительных компаний — важный фактор восстановления экономической активности после шока. В статье рассмотрено, как в разрезе уровней производительности российских компаний изменилась выдача кредитов в 2020 г. в условиях кризисной ситуации и расширения мер государственной поддержки бизнеса по сравнению с 2019 г. Анализ показал, что в 2020 г. объем выданных рублевых кредитов вырос относительно уровня предыдущего года. При этом наблюдались изменения в структуре выдач, которые объясняются действием льготных программ кредитования, начавших действовать в мае—июне 2020 г. Опережающими темпами росло количество выданных кредитов при уменьшении их среднего размера. Это указывает на то, что программами льготного кредитования в 2020 г. воспользовалось большое количество компаний, частично или полностью закрыв временные потребности в ликвидности в момент значительного снижения спроса и выручки. Структура нельготного кредитования в 2020 г. не претерпела значительных изменений по сравнению с 2019 г. Банки по-прежнему предпочитают кредитовать более производительные предприятия, которые получали кредиты в 2020 г. в том же объеме, что годом ранее. Поддержанию кредитной активности способствовали смягчение денежно-кредитной политики Банком России в течение 2020 г., а также регуляторные меры, которые позволили банкам сохранить капитал и расширить кредитование.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The access to credits for companies with high productivity is an important factor for the economic recovery after the shock. In this paper, we analyze changes in banks’ lending to Russian companies’ in 2020. Our analysis shows that in 2020 the volume of new ruble credits increased relative to the level of the previous year. At the same time, there were changes in loans’ structure, which are explained by the effect of government lending support programs that began in May—June 2020. This fact indicates that a large number of firms made use of these programs last year, partially or fully covering temporary liquidity needs in the period of significant decrease in demand and revenue. Outside of the government support programs, the structure of market lending did not change significantly in 2020 compared to 2019. Banks prefer to lend to more productive companies: we see that the volume of credits to high productive firms was at the same level as in 2019. This means that efficient firms that should be drivers of economic recovery did not have problems with access to credit in 2020.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>производительность</kwd><kwd>кредитование</kwd><kwd>пандемия</kwd><kwd>государственная политика</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>lending</kwd><kwd>economic policy</kwd><kwd>pandemic</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонова Е. В. (2018). Анализ динамики совокупной производительности факторов на российских предприятиях (2009—2015 гг.) // Вопросы экономики. № 7. С. 96—118. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2018-7-96-118</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bessonova E. V. (2018). Analysis of Russian firms’ TFP growth in 2009—2015. Voprosy Economiki, No. 7, pp. 96—118. 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