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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2020-12-80-103</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-3283</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коэффициент замещения как инструмент анализа и прогнозирования пенсионной системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Replacement rate as an instrument of analysis and forecasting of pension system</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6354-7191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горлин</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorlin</surname><given-names>Y. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горлин Юрий Михайлович, к. э. н., замдиректора Института социального анализа и прогнозирования (ИНСАП)</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yury M. Gorlin</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorlinum@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5591-5406</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляшок</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyashok</surname><given-names>V. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ляшок Виктор Юрьевич, к. э. н., с. н. с. ИНСАП</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Victor Y. Lyashok</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">victorlyashok@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9170-0867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салмина Алла Александровна, к. соц. н., с. н. с. ИНСАП</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla A. Salmina</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">salmina-aa@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3283">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3283</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуется один из основных индикаторов достаточности пенсионного обеспечения — коэффициент замещения. Обоснована важность использования данного показателя для управления пенсионной системой. Предложена методология определения теоретических и эмпирических коэффициентов замещения с учетом особенностей российской системы обязательного пенсионного страхования. Представлены результаты проведенных на разработанной авторами модели теоретического коэффициента замещения расчетов, согласно которым в текущих условиях коэффициент замещения для работника с медианной заработной платой и средним стажем составляет более 40%, что соответствует международным критериям достаточности пенсий по данному индикатору. Однако при более высокой заработной плате, например равной средней и выше, наблюдается отставание от уровня большинства стран ЕС. Результаты моделирования показывают, что в 2002—2018 гг. усиливалась дифференциация размеров пенсий и коэффициентов замещения в зависимости от заработной платы. Прогнозные расчеты на период до 2050 г. выявили следующие тренды: снижение коэффициентов замещения у получателей минимальных и медианных зарплат, примерная стабилизация применительно к средним и рост у получателей высоких зарплат. Приведены примеры использования теоретического коэффициента замещения для анализа пенсионной системы в части влияния на уровень пенсий: участия в формировании пенсионных накоплений, валоризации, конкретного периода страхового стажа и др.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines one of the main indicators of pension adequacy the replacement rate. The importance of using this indicator for pension system management is substantiated. A methodology for determining theoretical and empirical replacement rates is proposed in relation to the peculiarities of the Russian system of compulsory pension insurance. The article presents the results of calculations carried out on the model of the theoretical replacement rate developed by the authors, according to which, in the current Russian conditions, the replacement coefficient for an employee with a median wage and average length of service is more than 40%, which corresponds to the international criteria for the sufficiency of pensions for this indicator. However, with higher wages, for example, equal to the average for Russia and above, there is a lag behind the level of most EU countries. Modeling shows that in 2002—2018, there was an increase in the differentiation of pensions and replacement rates depending on wages. The performed forecast calculations for the period up to 2050 have revealed the following trends: a decrease in replacement rates for recipients of minimum and median salaries, approximate stabilization for average salaries and growth for recipients with high salaries. The article provides a number of examples of using the theoretical replacement rate for the analysis of the pension system in terms of the effect on the level of pensions: participation in the formation of pension savings, valorization, years of the insurance period, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пенсионное обеспечение</kwd><kwd>пенсионная система</kwd><kwd>к фициент замещения</kwd><kwd>заработная плата</kwd><kwd>пенсия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pension adequacy</kwd><kwd>pension system</kwd><kwd>replacement rate</kwd><kwd>salary</kwd><kwd>pension</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы г венного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горлин Ю. М., Салмина А. А. (2019). 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