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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2020-8-146-158</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-3081</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАУЧНЫЕ СООБЩЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RESEARCH NOTES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Государство и национальная конкурентоспособность  (на примере ЕС)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The state and national competitiveness (The case of EU)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-9356</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клинова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klinova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клинова Марина Вилениновна, д. э. н., вед. н. с.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Klinova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marina.v.klinova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский институт мировой экономики и международных отношений имени Е. М. Примакова Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relations, RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>146</fpage><lpage>158</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3081">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/3081</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследованы возможности и вклад государства в обеспечение конкурентоспособности экономики стран ЕС. Представлены различные определения понятия национальной конкурентоспособности и направления, по которым государство влияет на нее. Рассмотрены государственные закупки товаров и услуг, а также их разновидности. Подчеркивается важность косвенного влияния государства на конкурентоспособность страны за счет создания благоприятного инвестиционного климата, проведения структурной политики, установления ясных правил ведения бизнеса. Проанализированы возможности и способы регулирования государством деловой активности на основе ряда показателей международных организаций. Показано, как оно использует цифровизацию для повышения конкурентоспособности экономики. Рассмотрена роль государства и государственно-частного партнерства в развитии инфраструктуры, составляющей фундамент национальной конкурентоспособности. Сделан вывод о росте значения государства в обеспечении национальной конкурентоспособности, особенно в условиях пандемии COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article aims to explore the possibilities and contribution of the state in ensuring the competitiveness of the economy of the EU countries. Various definitions of the concept of national competitiveness are presented as well as directions in which the state affects national competitiveness. Among the latter, state procurements of goods and services and their varieties are considered. Special importance of the indirect influence of the state on the country’s competitiveness in the form of creating favorable investment climate, pursuing structural policy, and establishing clear rules for doing business is emphasized. The analysis of the possibilities and methods of state regulation of business activities based on a number of indicators of international organizations is presented. The use of new opportunities by the state in the context of digitalization of the economy to ensure competitiveness is highlighted. The role of the state and PPP in the development of infrastructure, which serves as a guarantor and stimulator of national competitiveness, is examined. The conclusion is made that the role of the state in national competitiveness is increasing, especially under the spread of COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>конкурентоспособность</kwd><kwd>государственные закупки</kwd><kwd>структурная политика</kwd><kwd>деловой климат</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>state</kwd><kwd>EU</kwd><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>public procurement</kwd><kwd>structural policy</kwd><kwd>business climate</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Варнавский В. Г. (2009). 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