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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2020-6-37-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-2974</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INSTITUTIONAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Старый друг лучше новых двух? Подходы к исследованию рынков в условиях цифровой трансформации для применения антимонопольного законодательства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>An old friend is better than two new ones? Approaches to market research in the context of digital transformation for the antitrust laws enforcement</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6713-069X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаститко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shastitko</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шаститко Андрей Евгеньевич, д. э. н., проф., завкафедрой конкурентной и промышленной политики экономического факультета МГУ, директор Центра исследований конкуренции и экономического регулирования РАНХиГС</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey E. Shastitko</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aes@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3512-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маркова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Markova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маркова Ольга Анатольевна, ассистент кафедры конкурентной и промышленной политики МГУ, м. н. с. Центра исследований конкуренции и экономического регулирования РАНХиГС, гл. эксперт Института конкурентной политики и регулирования рынков НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Markova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">markovaoa@outlook.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М. В. Ломоносова; Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2974">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2974</self-uri><abstract><p>Цифровая трансформация привела к изменению бизнес-моделей многих традиционных участников рынка. Появились новые участники и новые рынки — платформы и многосторонние рынки, возникновение и функционирование которых тесно связано с косвенными сетевыми внешними эффектами. Адекватны ли существующие нормы антимонопольного законодательства и связанные с его применением инструменты экономического анализа задачам исследования экономических отношений с участием цифровых платформ? В данной работе рассмотрены преимущества разных подходов к ответу на этот вопрос в контексте применения теста гипотетического монополиста (ТГМ). С точки зрения вероятности появления в результатах ТГМ ошибок предпочтительнее анализировать трансакционные платформы с эффектом переноса цен и нетрансакционные платформы без услуги подбора по соответствию (мэтчинга). При этом нетрансакционные платформы без услуги такого подбора предпочтительнее исследовать в терминах нескольких связанных рынков. Существующего инструментария теории отраслевых рынков пока недостаточно, чтобы с уверенностью делать выводы о невозможности манипулировать результатами тестов на определение границ рынка со стороны регулятора и компаний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Digital transformation has led to changes in business models of traditional players in the existing markets. What is more, new entrants and new markets appeared, in particular platforms and multisided markets. The emergence and rapid development of platforms are caused primarily by the existence of so called indirect network externalities. Regarding to this, a question arises of whether the existing instruments of competition law enforcement and market analysis are still relevant when analyzing markets with digital platforms? This paper aims at discussing advantages and disadvantages of using various tools to define markets with platforms. In particular, we define the features of the SSNIP test when being applyed to markets with platforms. Furthermore, we analyze adjustment in tests for platform market definition in terms of possible type I and type II errors. All in all, it turns out that to reduce the likelihood of type I and type II errors while applying market definition technique to markets with platforms one should consider the type of platform analyzed: transaction platforms without pass-through and non-transaction matching platforms should be tackled as players in a multisided market, whereas non-transaction platforms should be analyzed as players in several interrelated markets. However, if the platform is allowed to adjust prices, there emerges additional challenge that the regulator and companies may manipulate the results of SSNIP test by applying different models of competition.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антимонопольная политика</kwd><kwd>многосторонние рынки</kwd><kwd>платформы</kwd><kwd>продуктовые границы рынка</kwd><kwd>косвенный сетевой эффект</kwd><kwd>тест гипотетического монополиста</kwd><kwd>ошибки первого и второго рода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antitrust</kwd><kwd>multisided markets</kwd><kwd>platforms</kwd><kwd>market definition</kwd><kwd>indirect network externality</kwd><kwd>SSNIP-test</kwd><kwd>type I and type II errors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антипина О. 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