voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2017-4-117-139voprecotest-297Research ArticleВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИISSUES OF THEORYНеравенство: как не примитивизировать проблемуInequality: How not to primitivize the problemКапелюшниковР. И.KapeliushnikovR.

член-корр. РАН, д. э. н., главный научный сотрудник ИМЭМО РАН; замдиректора Центра трудовых исследований (ЦТИ) Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики» (Москва)

rostis@hse.ruИМЭМО РАН; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики» (НИУ ВШЭ)РоссияInstitute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences; Centre for Labour Market Studies, National Research University Higher School of EconomicsRussian Federation20172004201704117139Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20172017Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/297

В работе представлен обзор основных тем, обсуждаемых в новейшей экономической литературе по проблеме неравенства. Среди них: сложно- сти измерения; динамика уровней неравенства; возможные драйверы его увеличения; соотношение между межстрановым и внутристрановым нера- венством; долговременные тренды его изменения (гипотеза С. Кузнеца); механизмы связи между неравенством и экономическим ростом; предпо- лагаемая стагнация реальной заработной платы на протяжении последних десятилетий; возросший разрыв в оплате труда топ-менеджеров и рядо- вых работников; увеличение доли доходов от капитала в ВВП; связь неравенства с рыночной конкуренцией; нормативные аспекты. Сделан вывод, что с нормативной точки зрения неравенство представляет собой псевдопроблему, хотя его рост может быть симптомом каких-то иных, реальных экономических и социальных проблем.

The paper provides an overview of the key issues discussed in the recent economic literature on inequality. It highlights such topics as measurement subtle- ties; dynamics in inequality levels; possible drivers behind inequality growth; relationship between inter- and intra-countries’ inequality; shape of long-term trends (the Kuznets hypothesis); effects of inequality on economic growth; sup- posed earnings stagnation in developed countries; increased remuneration gap between top-managers and other workers; growing share of capital incomes in GDP; relationship between market competition and inequality; various norma- tive aspects. A general conclusion is that in normative terms inequality per se represents a pseudo-problem though it might be a manifestation of different fundamental economic and social problems.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.