voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2021-3-84-99voprecotest-2950Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ИННОВАЦИЙECONOMICS OF INNOVATIONАнализ базы знаний в нефтегазовом секторе России: патенты на изобретенияAnalysis of the knowledge base in the Russian oil and gas sector: Patents for inventionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7315-6044КрюковВ. А.KryukovV. A.

Крюков Валерий Анатольевич, академик РАН, директор

Новосибирск

Valeriy A. Kryukov

Novosibirsk

ValKryukov@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0597-3229ТокаревА. Н.TokarevA. N.

Токарев Анатолий Николаевич, д. э. н., заведующий Центром ресурсной экономики

Новосибирск

Anatoliy N. Tokarev

Novosibirsk

anatoli-3@yandex.ruИнститут экономики и организации промышленного производства Сибирского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202106032021038499Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20212021Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2950

Нефтегазовый сектор (НГС) играет ключевую роль в российской экономике. В условиях усложнения ресурсной базы, становления экономики знаний его устойчивость и конкурентоспособность будут во многом зависеть от инновационного, технологического развития. Все более важным для НГС становится возможность использовать новые знания и технологии: владение правами на результаты интеллектуальной деятельности, на технологии, позволяющие разрабатывать трудноизвлекаемые ресурсы, добывать все более сложные запасы. Для эффективного развития НГС необходимо соответствие (адекватность) минерально-сырьевой базы и базы знаний НГС. Это означает, что объективному усложнению осваиваемых ресурсов должны соответствовать генерация новых, более сложных знаний, разработка инновационных технологий. На основе анализа базы данных о патентной активности применительно к изобретениям для НГС выявлены ключевые акторы в этой сфере. К ним следует отнести российские нефтегазодобывающие компании, а также зарубежные компании, присутствующие на российском рынке, в первую очередь крупные нефтегазосервисные. Анализ внутренней структуры базы знаний НГС показал наличие значительных рисков для развития отечественного НГС по инновационной траектории. Они связаны со слабыми предпосылками создания прорывных технологий, радикальных инноваций, а также с большой ролью иностранных компаний.

The oil and gas sector (OGS) plays a key role in the Russian economy. In the context of the growing complexity of the resource base, the formation of the knowledge economy, its stability and competitiveness will largely depend on innovative, technological development. An increasingly important development factor for the OGS is the possibility of using new knowledge and technologies: ownership of the rights to the results of intellectual activity, to technologies that allow the development of hard-to-recover resources, to extract more and more complex reserves. For the effective development of the OGS, it is necessary to maintain adequacy of the mineral resource base and the knowledge base of the OGS. This means that the generation of new, more complex knowledge must correspond to the objective complication of the resources being mastered, the development of innovative technologies. Based on the analysis of the dataset on patent activity in relation to inventions for the OGS, the key actors in this segment of innovation have been identified. These include Russian oil and gas producing companies, as well as foreign companies present in the Russian market, primarily large oil and gas field service companies. The analysis of the internal structure of the knowledge base of the OGS (in terms of patents for inventions) has shown the presence of significant risks for the development of the Russian OGS along an innovative trajectory. These risks are associated with the formation of weak prerequisites for the creation of breakthrough technologies, radical innovations, and with a high role of foreign companies.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.