voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2019-11-150-158voprecotest-2495Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ СООБЩЕНИЯRESEARCH NOTESАбсорбция технологических знаний как фактор инновационного развитияTechnological knowledge absorption as a factor of innovation developmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-0974СамоволеваС. А.SamovolevaSvetlana A.

Самоволева Светлана Александровна, к. э. н., в. н. с. ЦЭМИ РАН

Москва

Moscow

svetdao@yandex.ruЦентральный экономико-математический институт РАНРоссияCentral Economics and Mathematics Institute of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation201906112019011150158Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20192019Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2495

В работе исследуются возможности применения концепции абсорбционной способности для анализа трансфера технологических знаний. Одним из узких мест концепции является доминирующая в ней гипотеза о гомогенности знаний как ресурса для инноваций. Вместе с тем использование неоднородных внешних знаний лежит в основе формирования различных моделей инновационного поведения фирм и определяет разнообразие инструментов инновационной политики. Предлагается типология абсорбционной способности, учитывающая фактор неоднородности знаний и позволяющая находить точки роста и узкие места процесса абсорбции знаний. На ее основе проводится анализ абсорбции зарубежных технологий российскими инновационно активными организациями, формулируется ряд мер инновационной политики.

The concept of absorptive capacity as a framework for analysis allows solving some challenges of knowledge transfer. However, the assumption about the homogeneity of production factors does not enable to understand the sources of firms’ competitive advantage, various models of their innovation behavior, and the constraints of innovation policy. The study aims to clarify the typology of absorptive capacity, to analyze the structure of the absorption of foreign techno logical knowledge, to formulate some measures on growing of absorptive capacity of the Russian enterprises. In the paper, the three types of absorptive capacity are associated with the acquisition of embodied technologies; patents, licenses, and know-how; and adoption of R&D results.

абсорбционная способностьтипы знанийтрансфер технологийинновационная политикаинновационно активные компанииabsorptive capacitytypes of knowledgetechnology transferinnovation policyinnovative enterprisesReferencesБодрунов С. Д., Гринберг Р. С., Сорокин Д. Е. (2013). Реиндустриализация российской экономики: императивы, потенциал, риски // Экономическое возрождение России. № 1 (35). С. 19—49.Bodrunov S. D., Grinberg R. S., Sorokin D. Е. (2013). Reindustrialization of the Russian economy: Imperatives, potential, risks. Economicheskoe Vozrojdenie Rossii, № 1 (35), pp. 19—49. (In Russian).Голиченко О. (2012). Модели развития, основанного на диффузии технологий // Вопросы экономики. №. 4. С. 117—131. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-4-117-131Golichenko O. (2012). Models of develop ment based on technology diffusion. Voprosy Ekonomiki, № 4, pp. 117—131 (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-4-117-131Голиченко О. Г., Балычева Ю. Е., Малкова А. А., Проничкин С. В., Самоволева С. А. (2016). Государственная политика и модели поведения акторов в национальной инновационной системе. М.: РУДН.Golichenko O. G., Balycheva Yu. E., Malkova A. A., Pronichkin S. V., Samovoleva S. A. (2016). Public policy and actors’ behavioral modes in national innovation system. Moscow: RUDN. (In Russian).Дементьев В. Е. (2006). Ловушка технологических заимствований и условия ее преодоления в двухсекторной модели экономики // Экономика и математические методы. Т. 42, № 4. С. 17—32.Dementiev V. (2006). A trap of technological adoption and the terms to overcome it in the two-sectors economic model. Economics and Mathematical Methods, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 17—32 (In Russian).Маевский В. (2003). О взаимоотношении эволюционной теории и ортодоксии (концептуальный анализ) // Вопросы экономики. № 11. С. 4—14. https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-11-4-14Mayevsky V. (2003). On interrelations between the evolutionary theory and the orthodoxy (a conceptual analysis). Voprosy Ekonomiki, No. 11, pp. 4—14. (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2003-11-4-14Полтерович В. М. (2009). Проблема формирования национальной инновационной системы // Экономика и математические методы. Т. 45, № 2. С. 3—18.Polterovich V. M. (2009). The problem of creating a national innovation system. Economics and mathematical methods, Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 3—18 (In Russian).Сагиева Г. С. (2016). Наука, технологии, инновации. М.: Институт статистических исследований и экономики знаний НИУ ВШЭ. https://issek.hse.ru/data/2016/07/07/1116486462/NTI_N_6_07072016.pdfSagieva G. S. (2016). Science, technologies and innovations. Moscow: Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge, Higher School of Economics. (In Russian). https://issek.hse.ru/data/2016/07/07/1116486462/NTI_N_6_07072016.pdfBarney J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 99—120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108Barney J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 99—120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108Berchicci L. (2013). Towards an open R&D system: Internal R&D investment, external knowledge acquisition and innovative performance. Research Policy, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 117—127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.04.017Berchicci L. (2013). Towards an open R&D system: Internal R&D investment, external knowledge acquisition and innovative performance. Research Policy, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 117—127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.04.017Cantwell J. A. (1991). The theory of technological competence and its application to international production. In: D. G. McFetridge (ed.). Foreign investment, technology and economic growth. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, pp. 33—67.Cantwell J. A. (1991). The theory of technological competence and its application to international production. In: D. G. McFetridge (ed.). Foreign investment, technology and economic growth. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, pp. 33—67.Cassiman B., Veugelers R. (2007). Are external technology sourcing strategies substitutes or complements? The case of embodied versus disembodied technology acquisition. WP No 672, IESE Business School, University of Navarra.Cassiman B., Veugelers R. (2007). Are external technology sourcing strategies substitutes or complements? The case of embodied versus disembodied technology acquisition. WP No 672, IESE Business School, University of Navarra.Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A. (1989). Innovation and learning: The two faces of R&D. Economic Journal, Vol. 99, No. 397, pp. 569—596. https://doi.org/10.2307/2233763Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A. (1989). Innovation and learning: The two faces of R&D. Economic Journal, Vol. 99, No. 397, pp. 569—596. https://doi.org/10.2307/2233763Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A. (1990). Absorptive-capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 35, No 1, pp. 128—152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553Cohen W. M., Levinthal D. A. (1990). Absorptive-capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 35, No 1, pp. 128—152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553Drucker P.F. (1993). Post-capitalist society. New York: Harper Collins.Drucker P.F. (1993). Post-capitalist society. New York: Harper Collins.Hall B.H. (2011). The internationalization of R&D. MERIT Working Papers, No. 049, United Nations University — Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).Hall B.H. (2011). The internationalization of R&D. MERIT Working Papers, No. 049, United Nations University — Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).Howells J. (1996). Tacit knowledge. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 91—106.Howells J. (1996). Tacit knowledge. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 91—106.Kitch E. W. (1994). The patent policy of developing countries. Pacific Basin Law Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1 pp. 166—178.Kitch E. W. (1994). The patent policy of developing countries. Pacific Basin Law Journal, Vol. 13, No. 1 pp. 166—178.Li Х. (2011). Sources of external technology, absorptive capacity, and innovation capability in Chinese state-owned high-tech enterprises. World Development, Vol. 39, No. 7, pp. 1240—1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.05.011Li Х. (2011). Sources of external technology, absorptive capacity, and innovation capability in Chinese state-owned high-tech enterprises. World Development, Vol. 39, No. 7, pp. 1240—1248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.05.011Lundvall B. Е. (2016). The learning economy and the economics of hope. London: Anthem Press.Lundvall B. Е. (2016). The learning economy and the economics of hope. London: Anthem Press.Nelson R. R. (2008). Economic development from the perspective of evolutionary economic theory. Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 9—21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810701848037Nelson R. R. (2008). Economic development from the perspective of evolutionary economic theory. Oxford Development Studies, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 9—21. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810701848037OECD (1996). The knowledge-based economy. Paris.OECD (1996). The knowledge-based economy. Paris.Radosevic S. (1999). International technology transfer and ‘catch up’ in economic development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Radosevic S. (1999). International technology transfer and ‘catch up’ in economic development. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.Romer P. (1993). Idea gaps and object gaps in economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 543—573. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(93)90029-fRomer P. (1993). Idea gaps and object gaps in economic development. Journal of Monetary Economics, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 543—573. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3932(93)90029-fSchmidt T. (2009). Absorptive capacity: One size fits all? A firm-level analysis of absorptive capacity for different kinds of knowledge. Managerial and Decision Economics, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1—18. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.1423Schmidt T. (2009). Absorptive capacity: One size fits all? A firm-level analysis of absorptive capacity for different kinds of knowledge. Managerial and Decision Economics, Vol. 31, No. 1, pp. 1—18. https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.1423Sharif N. (2006). Emergence and development of the National Innovation Systems concept. Research Policy, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 745—766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2006.04.001Sharif N. (2006). Emergence and development of the National Innovation Systems concept. Research Policy, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp. 745—766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2006.04.001Zahra S., George G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 185—203. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6587995Zahra S., George G. (2002). Absorptive capacity: A review, reconceptualization, and extension. Academy of Management Review, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 185—203. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6587995

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.