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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2020-11-133-158</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-2376</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Конвергенция региональной плотности населения в России за 120 лет</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Convergence of regional population density in Russia over 120 years</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7165-0228</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Холодилин</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kholodilin</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Холодилин Константин Аркадьевич, hD, Dr. habil., проф. Департамента экономики DIW Berlin</p><p>Берлин</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin A. Kholodilin</p><p>Berlin</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kholodilin@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Янжимаева</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yanzhimaeva</surname><given-names>Y. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Янжимаева Юлия Игоревна, студентка Санкт-Петербургской школы экономики и менеджмента</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya I. Yanzhimaeva</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yuiyanzhimaeva@edu.hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Немецкий институт экономических исследований</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>DIW Berlin</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>133</fpage><lpage>158</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2376">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2376</self-uri><abstract><p>Равномерность распределения населения по территории страны имеет важное социально-экономическое и стратегическое значение. Особенно это актуально для России с ее плотно заселенным западом и пустынным востоком. В данной работе рассматриваются изменения плотности населения в российских регионах, произошедшие с 1897 по 2017 г. А нализируется, происходила ли конвергенция плотности населения и какие факторы на нее влияли. Для этого используются данные как на уровне уездов, так и на уровне областей, приведенные к единым границам с целью сопоставимости. Оценены модели безусловной и условной β-конвергенции с учетом пространственной зависимости. Сделан вывод, что выравнивание плотности населения происходило в 1897-2017 гг. на уровне уездов и в 1926-1970 гг. на уровне областей, а на прирост плотности населения влияют не только пространственные эффекты, но и такие политико-географические факторы, как климат, количество лагерей ГУЛАГа и удаленность от столицы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A relative uniformity of population distribution on the territory of the country is of importance from socio-economic and strategic perspectives. It is especially important in the case of Russia with its densely populated West and underpopulated East. This paper considers changes in population density in Russian regions, which occurred between 1897 and 2017. It explores whether there was convergence in population density and what factors influenced it. For this purpose, it uses the data both at county and regional levels, which are brought to common borders for comparability purposes. Further, the models of unconditional and conditional β-convergence are estimated, taking into account the spatial dependence. The paper concludes that the population density equalization took place in 1897-2017 at the county level and in 1926—1970 at the regional level. In addition, the population density increase is shown to be influenced not only by spatial effects, but also by political and geographical factors such as climate, number of GULAG camps, and the distance from the capital city.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>плотность населения</kwd><kwd>β-конвергенция</kwd><kwd>регионыРоссии</kwd><kwd>уезды</kwd><kwd>муниципальные округа</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>population density</kwd><kwd>β-convergence</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>regions</kwd><kwd>municipal districts</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Балаш O. C. 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