voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2019-6-99-121voprecotest-2259Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫLABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICSСпрос на пожилых работников и дискриминация по возрасту: международный опыт и российские реалииThe demand for older workers and age discrimination: International experience and Russian realitieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-7142ИвановаМ. А.IvanovaMaria A.

Иванова Мария Анатольевна, руководитель направления «Денежно-кредитная политика» ЭЭГ; м. н. с. Центра бюджетного анализа и прогнозирования НИФИ

Москва

Moscow

mivanova@eeg.ruЭкономическая экспертная группа; Научно-исследовательский финансовый институт Минфина РоссииРоссияEconomic Expert Group; Financial Research InstituteRussian Federation2019060620190699121Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20192019Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2259

В статье анализируется спрос на пожилых работников на российском рынке труда и оценивается уровень дискриминации по возрасту. Актуальность данного исследования обусловлена стартовавшей в России пенсионной реформой. Анализ макроэкономической статистики показал, что, несмотря на рост численности населения старше трудоспособного возраста и усиление их присутствия на рынке труда в последнее десятилетие, спрос на пожилых работников был по-прежнему ограниченным. Одна из причин подобной ситуации — сравнительно высокий уровень дискриминации в отношении пожилых как в обществе, так и на рынке труда. С учетом этого обстоятельства повышение пенсионного возраста должно сопровождаться мерами, направленными на борьбу с дискриминацией и на стимулирование спроса на возрастных работников. Анализ обширного опыта стран, столкнувшихся со схожими проблемами, позволяет выработать рекомендации для экономических властей, чтобы сгладить негативные последствия повышения пенсионного возраста для отдельных категорий работников и рынка труда в целом.

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the demand for older workers and age discrimination in the Russian labor market. The recent pension reform has brought widespread attention to these issues. Macroeconomic analysis showed that, despite the growth in the retirement age population and the increase in their presence in the labor market over the past decade, the demand for older workers has still been limited. One of the reasons for this situation is the relatively high age discrimination both in society and in the Russian labor market. Given this circumstance, raising retirement age should be accompanied by demandside efforts such as improving age discrimination legislation and age-friendly employment policy. The analysis of extensive international experience allows us to develop recommendations that will help smooth out negative effects of raising retirement age for certain categories of workers.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.