voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2003-10-4-26voprecotest-2088Research ArticleГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ РАЗВИТИЯGLOBAL PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENTРаспространение положительного влияния глобализации: анализ "цепочек" приращения стоимостиSpreading the Gains of Globalization: What Can Be Learned from Value Chain AnalysisКаплинскиР.KaplinskyR.

доктор экономики, профессор, научный сотрудник Института исследования проблем развития

Университет ЭссексаВеликобританияUniversity of EssexUnited Kingdom200320102003010426Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20032003Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/2088

В последние годы глобализация ассоциируется с усилением неравенства как между странами, так и внутри них, а также с увеличением числа людей, живущих в нищете. В числе "неудачников" оказались и те, кто принимал участие в процессах глобализации. В статье речь идет о том, каким образом обеспечить в этих условиях стабильный рост доходов бедных слоев населения и бедных стран. Важно определить способы разработки и производства продуктов, включая внутреннюю организацию компаний и отношения между предприятиями, а также возможности взаимодействия бедных производителей и бедных стран с производителями и потребителями в рамках мировой экономики. Анализ "цепочки" приращения стоимости, включающей полный цикл хозяйственной деятельности - от создания продукта до его потребления и переработки, является адекватным инструментом для оценки эффективности частных и государственных предприятий. Более того, он способствует более глубокому пониманию политических задач, стоящих перед частным и государственным секторами. В работе обобщаются основные теории, характеризующие концепцию "цепочек" приращения стоимости, и приводятся конкретные примеры ее применения.

In recent years globalisation has been associated with growing inequality both among countries and inside their borders as well as with increasing number of people living in poverty. Among those participating in globalisational processes losers can also be found. The article discusses ways to provide under such conditions stable income growth of poor people and poor countries. It is essential to determine means of design and production of goods including internal company structure and relations among companies as well as possibilities of interaction of poor producers and poor countries with producers and consumers in the world economy. Value chain analysis covering the complete cycle of economic activity – from producing the product to its consuming and recycling – is an adequate instrument for assessing the effectiveness of private and public enterprises. Moreover, it helps to deeper understand the political tasks which arise before private and public sectors. Basic theories of value chain concept are considered in the article and specific examples of its implementation are given.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.