voprecotestВопросы экономикиVoprosy Ekonomiki0042-8736Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP10.32609/0042-8736-2004-6-57-78voprecotest-1907Research ArticleПРИВАТИЗАЦИЯ: ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗPRIVATIZATION: INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSISРоссийская приватизация: подходы и последствияRussian Privatisation: Approaches and ConsequencesАндреффВ.AndreffV.

профессор экономики

Университет Париж 1 Пантеон-СорбоннаФранцияUniversité Paris 1 Panthéon-SorbonneFrance200420062004065778Copyright © Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 20042004Voprosy Ekonomiki, NPVoprosy Ekonomiki, NPhttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1907

В настоящей статье анализируется приватизация в пост-советских экономиках (ПСЭ) с точки зрения подхода Р. Коуза, так как разработчики программы приватизации ссылались на теорему Коуза в качестве ее обоснования. Однако приватизация была ориентирована и на достижение ряда политических целей. Анализ показывает, что массовая приватизация принесла множество выгод инсайдерам, прежде всего менеджерам. Хотя в ходе денежной приватизации произошло некоторое перераспределение собственности, основными бенефициарами приватизации остались менеджеры и олигархи. Последние превратились в экономическую элиту России, воспользовавшись мошенническими и печально известными залоговыми аукционами, основным результатом которых стала приостановка приватизации. Недавно приватизация была возобновлена уже "точечным" образом. Затем предложена критическая (неортодоксальная) оценка обусловленных приватизацией и сохраняющихся после ее завершения проблем, связанных с трансакционными издержками и управленческими затратами.

The article analyses privatisation processes in post-Soviet economies from a Coasian standpoint, with a focus on the Russian privatisation strategy, since its designers have attempted to justify it by references to the Coase theorem. However, more political targets have basically inspired the major programmes of privatisation in post-Soviet economies. The analysis shows that mass privatisation has benefited insiders, first of all incumbent managers. Although cash privatisation has reallocated a part of privatised assets, insiders and "oligarchs" still remain major winners. The latter took advantage of the rigged and infamous loans for shares scheme of privatisation which main effect was to stop the privatisation drive. Privatisation has recently been resumed on a case-by-case basis.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.