<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2004-3-95-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1871</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА ТРУДА И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LABOR AND SOCIAL ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка естественного уровня безработицы в России в 1994-2003 гг.: эмпирический анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Estimation of the Natural Rate of Unemployment in Russia in 1994-2003: Empirical Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брагин</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bragin</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аналитик</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осаковский</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osakovsky</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ведущий эксперт</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт открытой экономики</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Open Economy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2004</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2004</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>95</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2004</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2004</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1871">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1871</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье предпринята попытка определения естественного уровня безработицы в России путем последовательной оценки оптимальной численности экономически активного и занятого населения. Для расчета оптимальных значений переменных использовалась модифицированная форма фильтра Ходрика-Прескотта. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что естественный уровень безработицы в 1994-1997 гг. колебался в пределах 12-12, 4%, а к 2003 г. снизился до 8, 1%. При этом до 1998 г. фактическая безработица была значительно ниже естественного уровня, а на текущий момент практически с ним сравнялась.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In order to outline the problem of unemployment in Russia, the authors calculate the natural rate of unemployment by consecutively estimating the optimal number of employed and economically active population. For estimation of optimal values modified Hodrick–Prescott filter was used. The results show that the natural rate of unemployment in Russia in 1994–1997 was stable around 12–12, 5%, and decreased to 8, 1% by 2003. In addition, before 1998 the actual unemployment was significantly lower than the natural rate and currently practically equals it.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рынок труда</kwd><kwd>безработица</kwd><kwd>экономически активное население</kwd><kwd>фильтр Ходрика-Прескотта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>labor market</kwd><kwd>unemployment</kwd><kwd>economically active population</kwd><kwd>Hodrick-Prescott filter</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Капелюшников Р. Российский рынок труда: адаптация без реструктуризации. М.: ГУ–ВШЭ, 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Капелюшников Р. Российский рынок труда: адаптация без реструктуризации. М.: ГУ–ВШЭ, 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коровкин А. Динамика занятости и рынка труда: вопросы макроэкономического анализа и прогнозирования. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Коровкин А. Динамика занятости и рынка труда: вопросы макроэкономического анализа и прогнозирования. М.: МАКС Пресс, 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оцу С. Советский рынок труда. М.: Прогресс, 1992.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Оцу С. Советский рынок труда. М.: Прогресс, 1992.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Социальные ресурсы и социальная политика / Отв. ред. академик С. Шаталин, к.э.н. В. Гребенников. М.: Наука, 1990.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Социальные ресурсы и социальная политика / Отв. ред. академик С. Шаталин, к.э.н. В. Гребенников. М.: Наука, 1990.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Экономика труда (социально-трудовые отношения) / Под ред. Н. Волгина, Ю. Одегова. М.: Экзамен, 2003.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Экономика труда (социально-трудовые отношения) / Под ред. Н. Волгина, Ю. Одегова. М.: Экзамен, 2003.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman M. Nobel Lecture: Inflation and Unemployment // Journal of Political Economy, 1977, vol. 85, No 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman M. Nobel Lecture: Inflation and Unemployment // Journal of Political Economy, 1977, vol. 85, No 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Friedman M. The Role of Monetary Policy // American Economic Review, 1968, No 5, March.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Friedman M. The Role of Monetary Policy // American Economic Review, 1968, No 5, March.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hirose Y., Kamada K. A New Technique for Simultaneous Estimation of the Output Gap and Phillips Curve. Bank of Japan Working Paper Series, Working Paper 01-7, October 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hirose Y., Kamada K. A New Technique for Simultaneous Estimation of the Output Gap and Phillips Curve. Bank of Japan Working Paper Series, Working Paper 01-7, October 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hodrick, R., Prescott E. Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation // Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 1997, vol. 29, No 1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hodrick, R., Prescott E. Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation // Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, 1997, vol. 29, No 1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kamada R., Masuda K. Effects of Measurement Error on the Output Gap in Japan // Money and Economic Studies, 2001, vol. 19, No 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kamada R., Masuda K. Effects of Measurement Error on the Output Gap in Japan // Money and Economic Studies, 2001, vol. 19, No 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okun A. Potential GDP: Its Measurement and Significance. In: Proceedings of the Business and Economics Statistics Section. Washington, DC: American Statistical Association, 1962, p. 98–103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okun A. Potential GDP: Its Measurement and Significance. In: Proceedings of the Business and Economics Statistics Section. Washington, DC: American Statistical Association, 1962, p. 98–103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Phillips A. The Relation between Unemployment and the Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1861–1957 // Economica, 1958, No. 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Phillips A. The Relation between Unemployment and the Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1861–1957 // Economica, 1958, No. 25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Congressional Budget Office. CBO’s Method for Estimating Potential Output. CBO Memorandum, October 1995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Congressional Budget Office. CBO’s Method for Estimating Potential Output. CBO Memorandum, October 1995.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
