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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2018-12-5-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1830</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БЮДЖЕТНО-НАЛОГОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FISCAL POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Межстрановой анализ структуры  и эффективности бюджетных расходов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cross-country analysis of public expenditures  structure and efficiency</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акиндинова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akindinova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акиндинова Наталья Васильевна, директор Института «Центр развития» НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Akindinova</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nakindinova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернявский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyavsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернявский Андрей Васильевич, к. э. н., в. н. с. Института «Центр развития» НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei V. Chernyavsky</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">acherniavsky@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чепель</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chepel</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чепель  Алена  Алексеевна, эксперт Института «Центр развития» НИУ ВШЭ</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena A. Chepel</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Achepel@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1830">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1830</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматриваются взаимосвязь структуры бюджетных расходов и экономического роста, а также методические и практические проблемы при оценке эффективности таких расходов. Отмечается, что особое влияние на экономический рост оказывают «производительные» расходы (на человеческий капитал, социальную и экономическую инфраструктуру, исследования и разработки). Приведен сравнительный анализ результативности и эффективности бюджетных расходов, в том числе «производительных» (на образование и здравоохранение) для группы стран с близким к российскому уровнем экономического развития. Инструментами анализа выступают индикаторы результативности и эффективности, эконометрические модели, а также метод DEA. На их основе построены рейтинги стран по результативности и эффективности бюджетных расходов. Получена относительно скромная оценка результативности исполнения макроэкономических функций бюджета для России по сравнению со странами со сходным уровнем развития; при этом на интегральную оценку и ее компоненты влияет выбор временного периода. При относительно высоких результатах в сфере образования в России низкая результативность и эффективность расходов в области здравоохранения. Кроме того, уровень «производительных» расходов на человеческий капитал в России несколько ниже, чем в странах с сопоставимым уровнем жизни и в странах ОЭСР, что может негативно повлиять на экономический рост в РФ в средне- и долгосрочной перспективе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the problems of relationship between public expenditures and economic growth and methodical and practical problems of estimating expenditures efficiency. The authors note that productive expenditures (expenditures on human capital, social and economic infrastructure, research and development) have strong influence on economic growth. The comparative study of the effectiveness and efficiency of public expenditures was conducted, including productive expenditures (education and healthcare), for Russia and the sample of countries close to Russia by their economic development level. The indicators of the effectiveness and efficiency, econometric models, DEA method, and effectiveness and efficiency rankings based on them are used as measuring instruments in the study. According to the approach applied in the study, the rankings show relatively poor results for Russia in macroeconomic function performance of the public sector, in comparison to the other countries of the sample, but it is worth noting that the aggregated estimates are influenced by the selection of time period. Russia shows high results in education public expenditures efficiency and relatively poor results in healthcare public expenditures efficiency. Also, the productive expenditures level is low in Russia compared to the other countries close to Russia by their economic development level and OECD countries. This can limit economic growth in the mid-term and long-term prospects.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бюджетные расходы</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>межстрановые сравнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>public expenditures</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>cross-country analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2018 г. при поддержке Всемирного банка.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акиндинова Н., Чернявский А., Авдеева Д. (2017). Результативность бюджетных расходов в России и странах ОЭСР // Вопросы экономики. №. 2. С. 30—61. 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