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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2006-2-75-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1705</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ ТЕОРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современная «экономическая теория» в свете реализма  (предисловие О. Ананьина)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Realist Perspective on Contemporary "Economic Theory" (Foreword by O. Ananyin)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоусон</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lawson</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кембриджский университет</institution><country>Великобритания</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Cambridge</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2006</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2006</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1705">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1705</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье содержится подробный методологический анализ современных тенденций в неоклассической теории и показана необходимость перехода от ортодоксальной парадигмы к реалистичной модели науки. Основным объектом анализа предлагается сделать не постоянные и закономерные связи между феноменами экономической жизни, а структуры и механизмы, которым подчинены эти феномены. Вместо дедуктивного метода, который, по мнению автора, является определяющим для ортодоксальной экономической теории, предлагается абдуктивная логика научного объяснения, связанная с выявлением основных движущих сил, которые управляют тем или иным явлением в обществе, рассматриваемом в противоположность неоклассической логике как открытая система. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The author elaborates on methodological issues of current tendencies in neoclassical theory and demonstrates the necessity of an alternative model of science, which he calls "realist". According to this perspective, constant and regular conjunctions of economic life events should not be the main object of analysis. Rather, the author proposes to consider structures and mechanisms governing events in question. Instead of deductivism, which, as Lawson believes, is a fundamental feature of orthodox economics, the abductive method of economic explanation is proposed that entails investigation of major powers, on which any social phenomenon depends. Society is thereby regarded not as a closed, but rather as an open system.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>методология экономической науки</kwd><kwd>реализм</kwd><kwd>неоклассическая теория</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methodology of economics</kwd><kwd>realism</kwd><kwd>neoclassical theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бхаскар Р. Общества // Социо-Логос. М.: Прогресс. 1991.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Бхаскар Р. Общества // Социо-Логос. 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