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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2006-2-46-64</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1703</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАКРОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACROECONOMIC POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Россия на распутье: два пути к международной конкурентоспособности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russia at the Crossroads: Two Roads to Global Economic Competitiveness</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Субботина</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Soubbotina</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат экономических наук, консультант программы «Наука и технологии»</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всемирный банк</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>World Bank</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2006</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2006</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2006</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2006</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1703">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1703</self-uri><abstract><p>Используя широкий круг зарубежных источников, автор рассматривает концепцию «верхнего» и «нижнего» путей достижения международной конкурентоспособности и делает вывод о том, что в течение последних 15 лет российская экономика последовательно скатывалась на неестественный для нее «нижний путь» с характерным для этого пути «обедняющим экономическим ростом». Российскому правительству предлагается осознать экономическую опасность односторонней технологической зависимости от Запада, закономерно ведущую к разорительной для России ценовой конкуренции с Китаем и другими развивающимися странами. По мнению автора, России срочно необходима дальновидная государственная стратегия интеграции в мировую рыночную экономику, учитывающая глобальное господство пост-индустриальной знание-емкой экономики. Главной задачей текущей экономической политики государства должно стать создание условий, при которых российским компаниям станет выгодно конкурировать с ведущими транснациональными корпорациями на их собственных условиях - не столько по уровню издержек производства и цен, сколько по уровню технологической инновационности и привлекательности их продукции для самого требовательного (и платежеспособного) мирового потребителя. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Relying on a wide range of foreign sources, the author presents the concept of "high" and "low" roads to national economic competitiveness and argues that, over the past fifteen years, the Russian economy has been gradually slipping down toward the "low road" and "immiserising economic growth". Russia is in urgent need of a visionary national strategy of integration into global market economy that would take into account the world-wide dominance of post-industrial "knowledge economy". Current government economic policy should focus on creating enabling conditions for Russian companies to learn to compete with the leading trans-national corporations on their own terms, i.e. mostly by enhancing their products’ and services’ innovativeness and attractiveness for the most demanding global consumers rather than by minimizing costs and prices.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>конкурентоспособность</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd><kwd>инновационность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>competitiveness</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>innovations</kwd><kwd>knowledge economy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брич А. Путь России к процветанию в постиндустриальном мире // Вопросы экономики. 2003. № 5. С. 19-41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Брич А. 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