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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprecotest</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Ekonomiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0042-8736</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32609/0042-8736-2005-11-39-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprecotest-1525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMIC POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Реструктуризация электроэнергетики: к реальной конкуренции или потемкинской либерализации?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electricity Restructuring: To Real Competition or Potemkin-type Liberalisation?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томпсон</surname><given-names>У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tompson</surname><given-names>W.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор экономики, профессор, старший экономист Отдела стран-нечленов Экономического департамента</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Организация экономического сотрудничества и развития</institution><country>Франция</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</institution><country>France</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2005</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2005</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP, 2005</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2005</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1525">https://www.vopreco.ru/jour/article/view/1525</self-uri><abstract><p>Реструктуризация электроэнергетики предполагает внедрение конкуренции в сферу производства и сбыта электроэнергии. Процессы передачи и распределения электроэнергии будут по-прежнему относиться к регулируемым естественно монопольным видам деятельности с режимом недискриминационного доступа третьих лиц к сетям. Основная цель данной реформы - обеспечивать соответствие предложения электроэнергии растущему ее потреблению, создавая условия для привлечения инвестиций в отрасль и способствуя повышению эффективности производства и потребления электроэнергии. Для ее достижения необходимо создать реальную конкуренцию в рыночных сегментах сектора на базе экономически обоснованных цен. Здесь таятся две опасности: частные интересы могут обрести ощутимую рыночную власть; используя оставшиеся в его собственности активы наряду с мощными регулирующими полномочиями, государство начнет "управлять" рынком.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Electricity restructuring is intended to introduce competition into electricity production and supply, leaving dispatch, transmission and distribution as regulated natural monopolies with non-discriminatory third-party access to the networks. The aim of the reform is to ensure that supply continues to meet growing demand by creating conditions that will encourage investment and promote greater efficiency in both production and consumption. If the reform is to achieve its major goals, the marketised segments of the sector must be characterised by real competition based on economically meaningful prices. There are two dangers here. The first is that private interests will acquire substantial market power. The second is that the state itself will use the assets it retains, combined with the considerable regulatory powers at its disposal, to "manage" the market.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>реформа монополий</kwd><kwd>электроэнергетика</kwd><kwd>либерализация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>reform</kwd><kwd>monopolies</kwd><kwd>electricity</kwd><kwd>liberalisation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arthur Andersen. Russian Electricity Reform: Recommendations Report. Moscow, April 2001.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arthur Andersen. Russian Electricity Reform: Recommendations Report. Moscow, April 2001.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">IEA. Competition in Electricity Markets. 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